वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-5, verse-17

स्वभावतनुका नूनं शोकेनानशनेन च ।
भूयस्तनुतरा सीता देशकालविपर्ययात् ॥१७॥

17. svabhāvatanukā nūnaṃ śokenānaśanena ca ,
bhūyastanutarā sītā deśakālaviparyayāt.

17. svabhāva-tanukā nūnam śokena anaśanena ca
bhūyas tanutarā sītā deśa-kāla-viparyayāt

17. Sita, who is naturally slender, is surely made even thinner by sorrow and fasting, aggravated by this adverse change of place and time.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वभाव-तनुका (svabhāva-tanukā) - naturally slender/thin

• नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, indeed, surely

• शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow, due to grief

• अनशनेन (anaśanena) - by fasting, by abstaining from food

• च (ca) - and

• भूयस् (bhūyas) - even more, additionally (again, further, more)

• तनुतरा (tanutarā) - more slender, thinner, more emaciated

• सीता (sītā) - Sita (proper noun)

• देश-काल-विपर्ययात् (deśa-kāla-viparyayāt) - due to the adverse change in her circumstances (place and time) (due to the reversal/change of place and time)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वभाव-तनुका (svabhāva-tanukā) - naturally slender/thin

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svabhāva-tanukā

svabhāva-tanukā - naturally slender

Compound type : tatpurusha (svabhāva+tanukā)

• svabhāva – own nature, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
• tanukā – slender, thin, delicate (diminutive of tanu)
  adjective (feminine)
  Derived from 'tanu' with suffix -ka (diminutive/affectionate)

Note: Agrees with 'Sītā'.

नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow, due to grief

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause.

अनशनेन (anaśanena) - by fasting, by abstaining from food

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of anaśana

anaśana - fasting, abstinence from food

Negation of 'aśana' (eating)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (an+aśana)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• aśana – eating, food
  noun (neuter)
  From root √aś (to eat)
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Indicates the cause. Coordinated with 'śokena' by 'ca'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'śokena' and 'anaśanena'.

भूयस् (bhūyas) - even more, additionally (again, further, more)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the comparative adjective 'tanutarā'.

तनुतरा (tanutarā) - more slender, thinner, more emaciated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tanutarā

tanutarā - more slender/thin

Comparative form of 'tanu' (slender)

Note: Agrees with 'Sītā'.

सीता (sītā) - Sita (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (name of Janaka's daughter and Rama's wife)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

देश-काल-विपर्ययात् (deśa-kāla-viparyayāt) - due to the adverse change in her circumstances (place and time) (due to the reversal/change of place and time)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of deśa-kāla-viparyaya

deśa-kāla-viparyaya - reversal/change of place and time

Compound type : tatpurusha (deśa+kāla+viparyaya)

• deśa – place, country
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
• viparyaya – reversal, inversion, adverse change
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-pari-ī (√i) 'to go through, reverse'
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates the cause.

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