वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-41, verse-34

स तूत्पातांस्ततो दृष्ट्वा राक्षसानां भयावहान् ।
प्रादुर्भूतान् सुघोरांश्च धूम्राक्षो व्यथितो ऽभवत् ॥३४॥

34. sa tūtpātāṃstato dṛṣṭvā rākṣasānāṃ bhayāvahān ,
prādurbhūtān sughorāṃśca dhūmrākṣo vyathito'bhavat.

34. saḥ tu utpātān tataḥ dṛṣṭvā rākṣasānām bhayāvahān
prādurbhūtān sughorān ca dhūmrākṣaḥ vyathitaḥ abhavat

34. tu saḥ dhūmrākṣaḥ tataḥ rākṣasānām bhayāvahān ca
sughorān prādurbhūtān utpātān dṛṣṭvā vyathitaḥ abhavat

34. But seeing those extremely dreadful and terrifying omens that had manifested for the Rākṣasas, Dhūmrākṣa became distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine singular nominative)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• उत्पातान् (utpātān) - omens, portents, calamities

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, therefore

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• राक्षसानाम् (rākṣasānām) - of the Rākṣasas (demons)

• भयावहान् (bhayāvahān) - terrifying, causing fear, dreadful

• प्रादुर्भूतान् (prādurbhūtān) - manifested, appeared

• सुघोरान् (sughorān) - extremely dreadful/terrible

• च (ca) - and, also

• धूम्राक्षः (dhūmrākṣaḥ) - Dhūmrākṣa

• व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed, troubled, agitated

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine singular nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Dhūmrākṣa.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast or emphasis.

उत्पातान् (utpātān) - omens, portents, calamities

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of utpāta

utpāta - omen, portent, calamity, sudden event

From root `pat` (to fall) with prefix `ut` (up, forth).

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, therefore

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem `tad` with the ablative suffix -tas.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root `dṛś` with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राक्षसानाम् (rākṣasānām) - of the Rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, evil being, a Rākṣasa

From `rakṣas` (evil spirit).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose or relationship ('for the Rākṣasas').

भयावहान् (bhayāvahān) - terrifying, causing fear, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhayāvaha

bhayāvaha - causing fear, dreadful, terrible

Compound of `bhaya` (fear) and `āvaha` (bringing, causing - from root `vah` with `ā`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+āvaha)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From root `bhī` (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• āvaha – bringing, causing, producing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun / adjective
  From root `vah` (to carry, bring) with prefix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

प्रादुर्भूतान् (prādurbhūtān) - manifested, appeared

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prādurbhūta

prādurbhūta - appeared, manifested, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From root `bhū` (to be) with prefix `prādur` (manifest).

Prefix: prādus

Root: bhū (class 1)

सुघोरान् (sughorān) - extremely dreadful/terrible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sughora

sughora - very dreadful, extremely terrible

`su` (good, well, very) + `ghora` (dreadful, terrible).

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+ghora)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ghora – dreadful, terrible, awful
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: ghūr (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins `bhayāvahān` and `sughorān`.

धूम्राक्षः (dhūmrākṣaḥ) - Dhūmrākṣa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhūmrākṣa

dhūmrākṣa - 'smoke-eyed', name of a Rākṣasa

Compound of `dhūmra` (smoke-colored) and `akṣa` (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhūmra+akṣa)

• dhūmra – smoke-colored, gray
  adjective
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of `abhavat`.

व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed, troubled, agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, troubled, agitated, pained

Past Passive Participle

From root `vyath` (to be troubled, disturbed) with suffix -ta.

Root: vyath (class 1)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

Augment `a` + root `bhū` + imperfect ending.

Root: bhū (class 1)

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