वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-41, verse-29

स निर्यातो महावीर्यो धूम्राक्षो राक्षसैर्वृतः ।
प्रहसन्पश्चिमद्वारं हनूमान्यत्र यूथपः ॥२९॥

29. sa niryāto mahāvīryo dhūmrākṣo rākṣasairvṛtaḥ ,
prahasanpaścimadvāraṃ hanūmānyatra yūthapaḥ.

29. sa niryātaḥ mahāvīryaḥ dhūmrākṣaḥ rākṣasaiḥ vṛtaḥ
prahasan paścimadvāram hanumān yatra yūthapaḥ

29. sa mahāvīryaḥ dhūmrākṣaḥ rākṣasaiḥ vṛtaḥ prahasan
paścimadvāram niryātaḥ yatra hanumān yūthapaḥ

29. That greatly valorous Dhūmrākṣa, surrounded by rākṣasas, marched forth, laughing, towards the western gate where Hanumān, the leader of the troops, was stationed.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - that (Dhūmrākṣa) (he, that)

• निर्यातः (niryātaḥ) - marched forth (from the city/camp) (gone forth, departed, marched out)

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly valorous (describing Dhūmrākṣa) (greatly valorous, mighty)

• धूम्राक्षः (dhūmrākṣaḥ) - the demon Dhūmrākṣa (Dhūmrākṣa (name))

• राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by the demons (rākṣasas) (by rākṣasas, with rākṣasas)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by rākṣasas) (surrounded, encompassed, chosen)

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing (as he went) (laughing, smiling)

• पश्चिमद्वारम् (paścimadvāram) - the western gate (as a destination) (western gate, western door)

• हनुमान् (hanumān) - the deity Hanumān (Hanumān (name))

• यत्र (yatra) - where (Hanumān was) (where, in which place)

• यूथपः (yūthapaḥ) - leader of the monkey troops (chief of a troop, leader of a herd)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - that (Dhūmrākṣa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: refers to Dhūmrākṣa

निर्यातः (niryātaḥ) - marched forth (from the city/camp) (gone forth, departed, marched out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niryāta

niryāta - gone out, issued forth, departed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root yā (to go) with prefix nir and suffix kta

Prefix: nis

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: acts as a predicate adjective to Dhūmrākṣa

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly valorous (describing Dhūmrākṣa) (greatly valorous, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - having great strength or valor, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+vīrya)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, strength, power
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vīr

Note: agrees with dhūmrākṣaḥ

धूम्राक्षः (dhūmrākṣaḥ) - the demon Dhūmrākṣa (Dhūmrākṣa (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhūmrākṣa

dhūmrākṣa - smoky-eyed, a specific demon's name

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhūmra+akṣi)

• dhūmra – smoky, grey, dusky
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: subject of niryātaḥ

राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by the demons (rākṣasas) (by rākṣasas, with rākṣasas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, rākṣasa

Note: agent of vṛtaḥ

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by rākṣasas) (surrounded, encompassed, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root vṛ (to cover, to choose) with suffix kta

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: agrees with dhūmrākṣaḥ

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing (as he went) (laughing, smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasant

prahasant - laughing, smiling, mocking

Present Active Participle

derived from root has (to laugh) with prefix pra and suffix śatṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: describes the action of Dhūmrākṣa while going forth

पश्चिमद्वारम् (paścimadvāram) - the western gate (as a destination) (western gate, western door)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paścimadvāra

paścimadvāra - western gate

Compound type : karmadhāraya (paścima+dvāra)

• paścima – western, hindmost
  adjective
• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)

Note: object of motion (towards)

हनुमान् (hanumān) - the deity Hanumān (Hanumān (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanumat

hanumat - Hanumān (proper name), having a jaw

Note: subject of implied verb 'was' or 'is'

यत्र (yatra) - where (Hanumān was) (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

यूथपः (yūthapaḥ) - leader of the monkey troops (chief of a troop, leader of a herd)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yūthapa

yūthapa - leader of a herd/troop/multitude

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yūtha+pa)

• yūtha – troop, herd, multitude, host
  noun (neuter)
• pa – protector, keeper, ruler, leader
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: appositive to hanumān

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