वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-41, verse-21

अभिनिष्क्रम्य तद्द्वारं बलाध्यक्षमुवाच ह ।
त्वरयस्व बलं तूर्णं किं चिरेण युयुत्सतः ॥२१॥

21. abhiniṣkramya taddvāraṃ balādhyakṣamuvāca ha ,
tvarayasva balaṃ tūrṇaṃ kiṃ cireṇa yuyutsataḥ.

21. abhiniṣkramya tat dvāram balādhyakṣam uvāca ha
tvarayasva balam tūrṇam kim cireṇa yuyutsataḥ

21. tat dvāram abhiniṣkramya ha balādhyakṣam uvāca.
balam tūrṇam tvarayasva.
yuyutsataḥ kim cireṇa?

21. Having exited through that gate, he spoke to the commander of the forces: 'Quickly hasten the army! Why this delay for those eager to fight?'

Words meanings summery:

• अभिनिष्क्रम्य (abhiniṣkramya) - having gone out, having emerged

• तत् (tat) - that

• द्वारम् (dvāram) - gate, door

• बलाध्यक्षम् (balādhyakṣam) - to the commander of forces

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (particle)

• त्वरयस्व (tvarayasva) - hasten, hurry up (you, singular)

• बलम् (balam) - army, forces

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• किम् (kim) - why, what

• चिरेण (cireṇa) - with delay, by delay, for a long time

• युयुत्सतः (yuyutsataḥ) - of the soldiers eager to fight (of those wishing to fight)

Words meanings and morphology

अभिनिष्क्रम्य (abhiniṣkramya) - having gone out, having emerged

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root kram with prefixes abhi and nis.

Prefixes: abhi+nis

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Refers to Dhūmrākṣa.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies dvāram.

द्वारम् (dvāram) - gate, door

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvāra

dvāra - door, gate, entrance

Note: Object of abhiniṣkramya (implicitly, acting as a locative).

बलाध्यक्षम् (balādhyakṣam) - to the commander of forces

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of balādhyakṣa

balādhyakṣa - commander of forces, superintendent of an army

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bala+adhyakṣa)

• bala – force, strength, army
  noun (neuter)
• adhyakṣa – superintendent, chief, overseer
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

Note: Object of the verb uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (particle)

(indeclinable)

त्वरयस्व (tvarayasva) - hasten, hurry up (you, singular)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of tvaray

Causative

Derived from root tvar (to hurry) in the causative conjugation. Imperative mood.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: An instruction given to the commander.

बलम् (balam) - army, forces

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, force, army, troops

Note: Object of tvarayasva.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From root tvar (to hurry). Used adverbially here.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies tvarayasva.

किम् (kim) - why, what

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially here.

Note: Expresses interrogation.

चिरेण (cireṇa) - with delay, by delay, for a long time

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of cira

cira - long (time), lasting, late

Note: Expresses the means or reason for 'what/why'.

युयुत्सतः (yuyutsataḥ) - of the soldiers eager to fight (of those wishing to fight)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yuyutsat

yuyutsat - wishing to fight, desirous of battle

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Desiderative form of root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the reason for not delaying - they are ready to fight.

Previous Verse Next Verse