वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-41, verse-14

तच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं तेषां राक्षसेन्द्रो महाबलः ।
चिन्ताशोकसमाक्रान्तो विषण्णवदनो ऽब्रवीत् ॥१४॥

14. tacchrutvā vacanaṃ teṣāṃ rākṣasendro mahābalaḥ ,
cintāśokasamākrānto viṣaṇṇavadano'bravīt.

14. tat śrutvā vacanam teṣām rākṣasendraḥ mahābalaḥ
cintāśokasamākrāntaḥ viṣaṇṇavadanaḥ abravīt

14. mahābalaḥ rākṣasendraḥ teṣām tat vacanam śrutvā
cintāśokasamākrāntaḥ viṣaṇṇavadanaḥ abravīt

14. Having heard those words of theirs, the mighty lord of rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa), overwhelmed by anxiety and sorrow, and with a dejected face, spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, those)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words/speech (word, speech, saying)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of theirs (referring to the messengers/informants) (of them, theirs)

• राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - Rāvaṇa, the lord of rākṣasas (lord of rākṣasas)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty (mighty, powerful, having great strength)

• चिन्ताशोकसमाक्रान्तः (cintāśokasamākrāntaḥ) - overwhelmed by anxiety and sorrow (overcome by worry and grief)

• विषण्णवदनः (viṣaṇṇavadanaḥ) - with a dejected face (with a dejected face, having a sad countenance)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Gerund.

वचनम् (vacanam) - words/speech (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of theirs (referring to the messengers/informants) (of them, theirs)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - Rāvaṇa, the lord of rākṣasas (lord of rākṣasas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - lord of rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty (mighty, powerful, having great strength)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - having great strength, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjectivally modifying 'rākṣasendraḥ'.

चिन्ताशोकसमाक्रान्तः (cintāśokasamākrāntaḥ) - overwhelmed by anxiety and sorrow (overcome by worry and grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintāśokasamākrānta

cintāśokasamākrānta - overwhelmed by anxiety and grief

Compound type : tatpurusha (cintā+śoka+samākrānta)

• cintā – thought, worry, anxiety
  noun (feminine)
  Root: cit (class 1)
• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• samākrānta – overwhelmed, attacked, covered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from sam-ā-√kram
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Adjectivally modifying 'rākṣasendraḥ'.

विषण्णवदनः (viṣaṇṇavadanaḥ) - with a dejected face (with a dejected face, having a sad countenance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣaṇṇavadana

viṣaṇṇavadana - having a dejected face

Compound type : bahuvrihi (viṣaṇṇa+vadana)

• viṣaṇṇa – dejected, sad, depressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-√sad
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 1)
• vadana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjectivally modifying 'rākṣasendraḥ'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect indicative (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active Indicative

from √brū, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: brū (class 2)

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