वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-58, verse-21

तमेवं कृतसंकल्पं जाम्बवान् हरिसत्तमः ।
उवाच परमप्रीतो वाक्यमर्थवदर्थवित् ॥२१॥

21. tamevaṃ kṛtasaṃkalpaṃ jāmbavān harisattamaḥ ,
uvāca paramaprīto vākyamarthavadarthavit.

21. tam evam kṛtasaṅkalpam jāmbavān harisattamaḥ
uvāca paramaprītaḥ vākyam arthavat arthavit

21. paramaprītaḥ arthavit harisattamaḥ jāmbavān,
evam kṛtasaṅkalpam tam,
arthavat vākyam uvāca

21. Jambavan, the chief of the monkeys, who was exceedingly pleased and understood the true meaning (of things), spoke a meaningful statement to him who was thus resolute.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to the speaker of the previous verse, likely Angada) (him, that)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (having made such a resolve) (thus, in this manner)

• कृतसङ्कल्पम् (kṛtasaṅkalpam) - him who was thus resolute (having made a resolve, determined)

• जाम्बवान् (jāmbavān) - Jambavan (Jambavan (name of a bear king))

• हरिसत्तमः (harisattamaḥ) - chief of the monkeys (best of monkeys)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (said, spoke)

• परमप्रीतः (paramaprītaḥ) - exceedingly pleased (extremely pleased, greatly delighted)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a statement (speech, sentence, statement)

• अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful (statement) (meaningful, significant, having wealth/purpose)

• अर्थवित् (arthavit) - one who understood the true meaning (of things/situations) (one who knows the meaning, wise, expert in meaning)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to the speaker of the previous verse, likely Angada) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the person to whom Jambavan spoke.

एवम् (evam) - thus (having made such a resolve) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the state of being 'kṛtasaṅkalpa'.

कृतसङ्कल्पम् (kṛtasaṅkalpam) - him who was thus resolute (having made a resolve, determined)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtasaṅkalpa

kṛtasaṅkalpa - one who has made a resolve, determined, resolute

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+saṅkalpa)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ with suffix -ta
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• saṅkalpa – resolve, intention, will, solemn vow
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-kḷp
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam'.

जाम्बवान् (jāmbavān) - Jambavan (Jambavan (name of a bear king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāmbavat

jāmbavat - Jambavan (a powerful bear king in the Rāmāyaṇa)

Name of a character

Note: Subject of the verb 'uvāca'.

हरिसत्तमः (harisattamaḥ) - chief of the monkeys (best of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harisattama

harisattama - best among monkeys, excellent monkey

Tatpuruṣa compound: hari (monkey) + sattama (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+sattama)

• hari – monkey, tawny, lion, Vishnu
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Jambavan.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Perfect form of root vac, with reduplication 'u-vac' > 'uvāca'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

परमप्रीतः (paramaprītaḥ) - exceedingly pleased (extremely pleased, greatly delighted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramaprīta

paramaprīta - exceedingly pleased, very happy

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+prīta)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent, extreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of para
• prīta – pleased, delighted, satisfied
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root prī with suffix -ta
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Jambavan.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a statement (speech, sentence, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, sentence, statement, word

From vac + ṇyaT

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of 'uvāca'.

अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful (statement) (meaningful, significant, having wealth/purpose)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arthavat

arthavat - meaningful, significant, purposeful, wealthy

Possessive suffix -vat from artha

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

अर्थवित् (arthavit) - one who understood the true meaning (of things/situations) (one who knows the meaning, wise, expert in meaning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arthavid

arthavid - knowing the meaning, wise, discerning, understanding purpose

Compound artha (meaning) + vid (knower, from root vid 'to know')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+vid)

• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• vid – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vid 'to know' as a noun/adjective forming the latter part of a compound.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Jambavan.

Previous Verse Next Verse