वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-58, verse-19

न हि वः प्लवते कश्चिन्नापि कश्चित् पराक्रमे ।
तुल्यः सामरदैत्येषु लोकेषु हरिसत्तमाः ॥१९॥

19. na hi vaḥ plavate kaścinnāpi kaścit parākrame ,
tulyaḥ sāmaradaityeṣu lokeṣu harisattamāḥ.

19. na hi vaḥ plavate kaścit na api kaścit parākrame
tulyaḥ sāmaradaityeṣu lokeṣu harisattamāḥ

19. harisattamāḥ vaḥ kaścit na hi plavate,
na api kaścit sāmaradaityeṣu lokeṣu parākrame tulyaḥ

19. Indeed, O best of monkeys, no one among you is superior in traversing (distances or obstacles), nor is anyone equal in valor in all the worlds, including those of gods and demons.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly, because)

• वः (vaḥ) - among you (genitive plural) (to you, of you, your (enclitic pronoun))

• प्लवते (plavate) - is superior in traversing (distances or obstacles) (floats, swims, flies, leaps, surpasses)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone (implying 'no one' due to 'na hi') (someone, anyone)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, moreover)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone (implying 'no one' due to 'na api') (someone, anyone)

• पराक्रमे (parākrame) - in valor (in valor, in might, in heroism)

• तुल्यः (tulyaḥ) - equal (to you) (equal, similar, comparable)

• सामरदैत्येषु (sāmaradaityeṣu) - in the worlds inhabited by gods and demons (among those with gods and demons)

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in all the worlds (in the worlds, among the people)

• हरिसत्तमाः (harisattamāḥ) - O best of monkeys! (addressing the assembly) (O best of monkeys!, O excellent monkeys!)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'plavate'.

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding negation.

वः (vaḥ) - among you (genitive plural) (to you, of you, your (enclitic pronoun))

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Enclitic form of yuṣmad

Note: Indicates possession or belonging; here, 'among you'.

प्लवते (plavate) - is superior in traversing (distances or obstacles) (floats, swims, flies, leaps, surpasses)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of plu

Present tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

From root plu, with -a suffix (class 1)

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Indicates competence in traversal.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone (implying 'no one' due to 'na hi') (someone, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain (person)

Indefinite pronoun, 'ka' + 'cid'

Note: Subject of 'plavate'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the following clause.

अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'nor even'.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone (implying 'no one' due to 'na api') (someone, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain (person)

Indefinite pronoun, 'ka' + 'cid'

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'is equal to'.

पराक्रमे (parākrame) - in valor (in valor, in might, in heroism)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parākrama

parākrama - valor, might, heroism, enterprise, stride

From prefix parā + root kram

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Denotes the sphere in which no one is equal.

तुल्यः (tulyaḥ) - equal (to you) (equal, similar, comparable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tulya

tulya - equal, similar, comparable, like

Gerundive/Participial form (originally from root tul 'to weigh')

From root tul with suffix -ya (kṛtya)

Root: tul (class 10)

Note: Refers to 'kaścit'.

सामरदैत्येषु (sāmaradaityeṣu) - in the worlds inhabited by gods and demons (among those with gods and demons)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of sāmaradaitya

sāmaradaitya - together with gods and demons

Bahuvrīhi compound with 'sa' (with) + 'amara' (immortals/gods) + 'daitya' (demons)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+amara+daitya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  prefix 'sa' meaning 'with'
• amara – immortal, god, divine
  noun (masculine)
  a (not) + mara (dying)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• daitya – demon (descendant of Diti)
  noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Diti

Note: Qualifies 'lokeṣu'.

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in all the worlds (in the worlds, among the people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, universe, people, community

From root lok 'to see'

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Denotes the scope of comparison.

हरिसत्तमाः (harisattamāḥ) - O best of monkeys! (addressing the assembly) (O best of monkeys!, O excellent monkeys!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of harisattama

harisattama - best among monkeys, excellent monkey

Tatpuruṣa compound: hari (monkey) + sattama (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+sattama)

• hari – monkey, tawny, lion, Vishnu
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Direct address to the monkeys.

Previous Verse Next Verse