वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-7, verse-8

बाष्पमापतितं धैर्यान्निग्रहीतुं त्वमर्हसि ।
मर्यादां सत्त्वयुक्तानां धृतिं नोत्स्रष्टुमर्हसि ॥८॥

8. bāṣpamāpatitaṃ dhairyānnigrahītuṃ tvamarhasi ,
maryādāṃ sattvayuktānāṃ dhṛtiṃ notsraṣṭumarhasi.

8. bāṣpam āpatitam dhairyāt nigrahītum tvam arhasi
maryādām sattvayuktānām dhṛtim na utsraṣṭum arhasi

8. tvam dhairyāt āpatitam bāṣpam nigrahītum arhasi.
tvam sattvayuktānām maryādām ca dhṛtim na utsraṣṭum arhasi.

8. You ought to restrain the tears that have fallen, doing so by your fortitude. You should not abandon the propriety and steadfastness of those endowed with virtue.

Words meanings summery:

• बाष्पम् (bāṣpam) - tears (tears, vapor, steam)

• आपतितम् (āpatitam) - fallen (fallen, descended, occurred, arrived)

• धैर्यात् (dhairyāt) - by your fortitude (from fortitude, by courage)

• निग्रहीतुम् (nigrahītum) - to restrain (to restrain, to check, to control)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you deserve, you are worthy)

• मर्यादाम् (maryādām) - propriety (limit, boundary, propriety, dignity, respect)

• सत्त्वयुक्तानाम् (sattvayuktānām) - of those endowed with virtue (of those endowed with goodness/strength/virtue)

• धृतिम् (dhṛtim) - steadfastness (fortitude, steadfastness, firmness, courage)

• न (na) - not (not, nor, neither)

• उत्स्रष्टुम् (utsraṣṭum) - to abandon (to abandon, to cast off, to renounce, to let go)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you deserve, you are worthy)

Words meanings and morphology

बाष्पम् (bāṣpam) - tears (tears, vapor, steam)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṣpa

bāṣpa - tears, vapor, steam, heat

Note: Object of 'nigrahītum'.

आपतितम् (āpatitam) - fallen (fallen, descended, occurred, arrived)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatita

āpatita - fallen, descended, occurred, arrived, happened

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root pat with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'bāṣpam'.

धैर्यात् (dhairyāt) - by your fortitude (from fortitude, by courage)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dhairya

dhairya - courage, fortitude, steadfastness, firmness

Derived from dhīra (firm, steady, courageous) with suffix -ya, forming a noun of state/quality.

Note: Indicates the means or cause by which tears are restrained.

निग्रहीतुम् (nigrahītum) - to restrain (to restrain, to check, to control)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of the root grah with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Purpose infinitive, dependent on 'arhasi'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, yourself

Note: Subject of 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you deserve, you are worthy)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

present active 2nd singular

Present indicative, active voice, 2nd person singular of the root arh.

Root: arh (class 1)

मर्यादाम् (maryādām) - propriety (limit, boundary, propriety, dignity, respect)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maryādā

maryādā - limit, boundary, propriety, dignity, respect, rule

Note: Object of 'utsraṣṭum'.

सत्त्वयुक्तानाम् (sattvayuktānām) - of those endowed with virtue (of those endowed with goodness/strength/virtue)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sattvayukta

sattvayukta - endowed with goodness/strength/virtue, courageous

Compound: sattva (goodness, strength, essence) + yukta (endowed with).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sattva+yukta)

• sattva – goodness, essence, strength, courage, reality, a being
  noun (neuter)
  From root as (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)
• yukta – joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of the root yuj (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Possessive case, referring to the 'maryādā' and 'dhṛtim' that belong to such persons.

धृतिम् (dhṛtim) - steadfastness (fortitude, steadfastness, firmness, courage)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - fortitude, steadfastness, firmness, courage, resolution

From root dhṛ (to hold, to support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'utsraṣṭum'.

न (na) - not (not, nor, neither)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'utsraṣṭum arhasi'.

उत्स्रष्टुम् (utsraṣṭum) - to abandon (to abandon, to cast off, to renounce, to let go)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of the root sṛj with prefix ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Purpose infinitive, dependent on 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you deserve, you are worthy)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

present active 2nd singular

Present indicative, active voice, 2nd person singular of the root arh.

Root: arh (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse