वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-7, verse-17

एष च प्रकृतिष्ठो ऽहमनुनीतस्त्वया सखे ।
दुर्लभो हीदृशो बन्धुरस्मिन् काले विशेषतः ॥१७॥

17. eṣa ca prakṛtiṣṭho'hamanunītastvayā sakhe ,
durlabho hīdṛśo bandhurasmin kāle viśeṣataḥ.

17. eṣa ca prakṛtiṣṭhaḥ aham anunītaḥ tvayā sakhe
durlabhaḥ hi īdṛśaḥ bandhuḥ asmin kāle viśeṣataḥ

17. sakhe eṣa aham ca prakṛtiṣṭhaḥ tvayā anunītaḥ hi
asmin kāle viśeṣataḥ īdṛśaḥ bandhuḥ durlabhaḥ

17. O friend, I am now restored to my natural state (prakṛti) and have been convinced by you. Indeed, such a companion is rare, especially in these times.

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - I (referring to Sugriva) (this (masculine nominative singular))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रकृतिष्ठः (prakṛtiṣṭhaḥ) - restored to my natural state (of kingship and well-being) (abiding in one's natural state, firm in one's nature, restored to one's natural state)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Sugriva) (I)

• अनुनीतः (anunītaḥ) - persuaded, convinced (persuaded, conciliated, calmed, reasoned with)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Rama) (by you)

• सखे (sakhe) - O friend (addressing Rama) (O friend)

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare, hard to find (difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, for, because)

• ईदृशः (īdṛśaḥ) - such (a friend) (such, of this kind)

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - friend, companion (kinsman, friend, relative)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (time) (in this)

• काले (kāle) - in these times, in this age (in time, in the age, in season)

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially (especially, particularly, specifically)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - I (referring to Sugriva) (this (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्रकृतिष्ठः (prakṛtiṣṭhaḥ) - restored to my natural state (of kingship and well-being) (abiding in one's natural state, firm in one's nature, restored to one's natural state)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prakṛtiṣṭha

prakṛtiṣṭha - abiding in one's natural state, firm in one's nature, restored to one's natural position

Compound of prakṛti and stha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prakṛti+stha)

• prakṛti – nature, origin, original form, constitution, material cause
  noun (feminine)
  From pra-kṛ
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• stha – standing, staying, situated, abiding in
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies aham.

अहम् (aham) - I (Sugriva) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

अनुनीतः (anunītaḥ) - persuaded, convinced (persuaded, conciliated, calmed, reasoned with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anunīta

anunīta - persuaded, conciliated, calmed, reasoned with

Past Passive Participle

From anu-nī, past passive participle ending in -ta

Prefix: anu

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Modifies aham.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Rama) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

Note: Agent of anunītaḥ.

सखे (sakhe) - O friend (addressing Rama) (O friend)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare, hard to find (difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (secondary)

Compound of dur and labha (from labh). The form -labha is a secondary derivative meaning 'obtainable'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+labha)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• labha – getting, obtaining, gain
  noun (masculine)
  From root labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for bandhuḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ईदृशः (īdṛśaḥ) - such (a friend) (such, of this kind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind

From idam (this) + dṛś (appearance)

Note: Modifies bandhuḥ.

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - friend, companion (kinsman, friend, relative)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - kinsman, friend, relative, relation

From root bandh (to bind)

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Subject of an implied verb "is".

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (time) (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Note: Modifies kāle.

काले (kāle) - in these times, in this age (in time, in the age, in season)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, age, death

Note: Refers to the current circumstances or epoch.

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially (especially, particularly, specifically)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed with suffix -tas

Note: Modifies durlabhaḥ.

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