वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-7, verse-13

हितं वयस्य भावेन ब्रूहि नोपदिशामि ते ।
वयस्यतां पूजयन्मे न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥१३॥

13. hitaṃ vayasya bhāvena brūhi nopadiśāmi te ,
vayasyatāṃ pūjayanme na tvaṃ śocitumarhasi.

13. hitam vayasya bhāvena brūhi na upadiśāmi te
vayasyatām pūjayan me na tvam śocitum arhasi

13. tvam me vayasyatām pūjayan na śocitum arhasi,
vayasya bhāvena hitam brūhi,
te na upadiśāmi

13. Speak to me as a friend, offering what is beneficial; I am not instructing you. By honoring our friendship, you should not mourn.

Words meanings summery:

• हितम् (hitam) - that which is beneficial (beneficial, good, welfare)

• वयस्य (vayasya) - (Oh) friend (friend, companion, comrade)

• भावेन (bhāvena) - with the feeling/spirit of a friend, as a friend (by the state, by the feeling, with the intention, as)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell me (speak, tell, say)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उपदिशामि (upadiśāmi) - I am not instructing (I instruct, I teach, I advise)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

• वयस्यताम् (vayasyatām) - my friendship (friendship, companionship)

• पूजयन् (pūjayan) - by honoring (honoring, respecting, worshipping)

• मे (me) - my (friendship) (my, to me)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Sugriva) (you)

• शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to grieve (to grieve, to mourn, to lament)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you deserve, you are able)

Words meanings and morphology

हितम् (hitam) - that which is beneficial (beneficial, good, welfare)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, welfare, suitable, proper

Past Passive Participle

From root 'hi' (to send, impel) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Can also be nominative neuter. Here, it is the object of 'brūhi'.

वयस्य (vayasya) - (Oh) friend (friend, companion, comrade)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vayasya

vayasya - friend, companion, comrade, of the same age

From 'vayas' (age, vitality). One of the 'svārthe ṣyaN' suffixes.

भावेन (bhāvena) - with the feeling/spirit of a friend, as a friend (by the state, by the feeling, with the intention, as)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - state, condition, feeling, sentiment, intention, existence, being

From root 'bhū' (to be, exist) + 'ghañ' suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell me (speak, tell, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative 2nd singular active.

Root: brū (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

उपदिशामि (upadiśāmi) - I am not instructing (I instruct, I teach, I advise)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upadiś

Root 'diś' (to point, show) with prefix 'upa'. Present 1st singular active.

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

वयस्यताम् (vayasyatām) - my friendship (friendship, companionship)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vayasyatā

vayasyatā - friendship, companionship, being a friend

From 'vayasya' (friend) + 'tā' (suffix for abstract noun).

Note: Object of 'pūjayan'.

पूजयन् (pūjayan) - by honoring (honoring, respecting, worshipping)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūj

pūj - to honor, respect, worship, adore

Present Active Participle

From root 'pūj' + 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'tvam'.

मे (me) - my (friendship) (my, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I (pronoun)

Note: Possessive, refers to 'vayasyatām'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Sugriva) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'arhasi'.

शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to grieve (to grieve, to mourn, to lament)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root 'śuc' (to shine, burn, grieve) + 'tumun' suffix.

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: An infinitive derived from a verb.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you deserve, you are able)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present 2nd singular active.

Root: arh (class 1)

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