वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-64, verse-29

यदि नाहं गमिष्यामि नान्यो वानरपुंगवः ।
पुनः खल्विदमस्माभिः कार्यं प्रायोपवेशनम् ॥२९॥

29. yadi nāhaṃ gamiṣyāmi nānyo vānarapuṃgavaḥ ,
punaḥ khalvidamasmābhiḥ kāryaṃ prāyopaveśanam.

29. yadi na aham gamiṣyāmi na anyaḥ vānarapuṃgavaḥ
punaḥ khalu idam asmābhiḥ kāryam prāyopaveśanam

29. If neither I nor any other excellent monkey is to go, then indeed, the only course of action left for us is again to undertake a fast unto death.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• न (na) - not, nor

• अहम् (aham) - I

• गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go

• न (na) - not, nor

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another, other

• वानरपुंगवः (vānarapuṁgavaḥ) - excellent monkey, best of monkeys

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly

• इदम् (idam) - this

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - to be done, the task

• प्रायोपवेशनम् (prāyopaveśanam) - fasting unto death, sitting down to die

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Conditional particle.

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (Lṛṭ) of gam

Future tense form

Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another, other

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

वानरपुंगवः (vānarapuṁgavaḥ) - excellent monkey, best of monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānarapuṃgava

vānarapuṁgava - excellent monkey, best among monkeys

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpurusha (vānara+puṃgava)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• puṃgava – bull, eminent, excellent
  noun (masculine)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to 'prāyopaveśanam'.

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction with 'kāryam'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - to be done, the task

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - task, duty, action, what is to be done

Gerundive

From root kṛ + ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative.

प्रायोपवेशनम् (prāyopaveśanam) - fasting unto death, sitting down to die

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāyopaveśana

prāyopaveśana - fasting unto death, vow to fast until death

From prāya + upaveśana

Compound type : karmadhāraya (prāya+upaveśana)

• prāya – beginning, undertaking, dying
  noun (masculine)
• upaveśana – sitting down, fasting
  noun (neuter)
  From upa + viś
  Prefix: upa
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Subject of the sentence (along with 'idam').

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