वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-58, verse-21

हरन्दाशरथेर्भार्यां रामस्य जनकात्मजाम् ।
भ्रष्टाभरणकौशेयां शोकवेगपराजिताम् ॥२१॥

21. harandāśaratherbhāryāṃ rāmasya janakātmajām ,
bhraṣṭābharaṇakauśeyāṃ śokavegaparājitām.

21. haran dāśaratheḥ bhāryām rāmasya janakātmajām
bhraṣṭa-ābharaṇa-kauśeyām śoka-vega-parājitām

21. (He was described as) carrying away the wife of Rāma, son of Daśaratha, Janaka's daughter (Sītā), whose ornaments and silken garments had fallen, and who was utterly overcome by the surge of grief.

Words meanings summery:

• हरन् (haran) - carrying away (carrying, seizing, taking away)

• दाशरथेः (dāśaratheḥ) - of Daśaratha's son (of Daśaratha's son (Rāma))

• भार्याम् (bhāryām) - the wife (Sītā) (wife)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• जनकात्मजाम् (janakātmajām) - Janaka's daughter (Sītā)

• भ्रष्ट-आभरण-कौशेयाम् (bhraṣṭa-ābharaṇa-kauśeyām) - whose ornaments and silken garments had fallen

• शोक-वेग-पराजिताम् (śoka-vega-parājitām) - overpowered by the surge of grief (overcome by the force of grief)

Words meanings and morphology

हरन् (haran) - carrying away (carrying, seizing, taking away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harat

harat - carrying, seizing, stealing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'hṛ' (to carry, seize) with suffix 'śatṛ' (at). Masculine nominative singular. Refers to Rāvaṇa.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Rāvaṇa (implied subject).

दाशरथेः (dāśaratheḥ) - of Daśaratha's son (of Daśaratha's son (Rāma))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dāśarathi

dāśarathi - son of Daśaratha (Rāma)

Patronymic form of Daśaratha. Masculine genitive singular.

Note: Qualifies 'bhāryām'.

भार्याम् (bhāryām) - the wife (Sītā) (wife)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, woman to be supported

Gerundive (P.P.P. form used as a noun)

Feminine accusative singular. Derived from root 'bhṛ' (to support) with suffix 'ṇya' (ya).

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name)

Masculine genitive singular.

Root: ram

जनकात्मजाम् (janakātmajām) - Janaka's daughter (Sītā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of janakātmajā

janakātmajā - daughter of Janaka (Sītā)

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'janaka' (Janaka) + 'ātmajā' (daughter). Feminine accusative singular.

Compound type : tatpurusha (janaka+ātmajā)

• janaka – Janaka (proper name, father of Sītā)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: jan
• ātmajā – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from 'ātman' (self) + 'ja' (born). Feminine.
  Root: jan (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'bhāryām'.

भ्रष्ट-आभरण-कौशेयाम् (bhraṣṭa-ābharaṇa-kauśeyām) - whose ornaments and silken garments had fallen

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhraṣṭa-ābharaṇa-kauśeyā

bhraṣṭa-ābharaṇa-kauśeyā - having fallen ornaments and silk garments

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'bhraṣṭa' (fallen) + 'ābharaṇa' (ornament) + 'kauśeya' (silk garment). Feminine accusative singular.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhraṣṭa+ābharaṇa+kauśeya)

• bhraṣṭa – fallen, dropped
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'bhraṃś' (to fall, drop).
  Root: bhraṃś (class 1)
• ābharaṇa – ornament, jewelry
  noun (neuter)
  From 'bhṛ' (to bear) with 'ā' prefix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• kauśeya – silken garment, silk
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'kośa' (cocoon).

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

शोक-वेग-पराजिताम् (śoka-vega-parājitām) - overpowered by the surge of grief (overcome by the force of grief)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śoka-vega-parājitā

śoka-vega-parājitā - overcome by the force of sorrow

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'śoka' (grief) + 'vega' (surge) + 'parājitā' (overcome). Feminine accusative singular.

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+vega+parājitā)

• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
  From 'śuc' (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• vega – force, speed, surge
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vij' (to move).
  Root: vij
• parājitā – overcome, defeated
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer) with upasarga 'parā'. Feminine.
  Prefix: parā
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

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