वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-53, verse-12

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विगृह्यासनमप्याहुर्दुर्बलेन बलीयसः ।
आत्मरक्षाकरस्तस्मान्न विगृह्णीत दुर्बलः ॥१२॥

12. vigṛhyāsanamapyāhurdurbalena balīyasaḥ ,
ātmarakṣākarastasmānna vigṛhṇīta durbalaḥ.

12. vigṛhya āsanam api āhuḥ durbalena balīyasaḥ
| ātmarakṣākaraḥ tasmāt na vigṛhṇīta durbalaḥ

12. दुर्बलेन बलीयसः विगृह्य आसनम् अपि आहुः
तस्मात् आत्मरक्षाकरः दुर्बलः न विगृह्णीत

12. They say that (strategies like) hostilities (vigṛhya) and even neutrality (āsana) are suitable for the powerful when dealing with the weak. Therefore, a weak person, (if he is) a protector of himself (ātman), should not engage in hostility.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

विगृह्य (vigṛhya) - the political strategy of open hostility (having engaged in hostility, having fought, hostility (as a strategy))

आसनम् (āsanam) - the political strategy of neutrality (sitting, remaining, neutrality (as a strategy))

अपि (api) - also, even, too

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

दुर्बलेन (durbalena) - for the weak (party/state) (for the weak (person), by the weak)

बलीयसः (balīyasaḥ) - for the stronger (party/state) (of the stronger, for the stronger)

आत्मरक्षाकरः (ātmarakṣākaraḥ) - a protector of oneself

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

न (na) - not, no

विगृह्णीत (vigṛhṇīta) - he should engage in hostility, he should fight

दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - the weak (party/state) (the weak (person))

Words meanings and morphology

विगृह्य (vigṛhya) - the political strategy of open hostility (having engaged in hostility, having fought, hostility (as a strategy))

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

From root GRH (to seize, take) with prefix VI

Prefix: vi

Root: gṛh (class 9)

Note: Used adverbially or nominally here, indicating a state of hostility.

आसनम् (āsanam) - the political strategy of neutrality (sitting, remaining, neutrality (as a strategy))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - sitting, seat, posture, neutrality

From root ĀS (to sit)

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Refers to the political strategy of neutrality.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Irregular verb form

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense form used in present sense.

दुर्बलेन (durbalena) - for the weak (party/state) (for the weak (person), by the weak)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble

Compound of dur (bad, difficult) and bala (strength)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+bala)

dur – bad, difficult, ill
indeclinable
Prefix
bala – strength, power, force
noun (neuter)

Note: Instrumental case, implying 'in dealing with the weak'.

बलीयसः (balīyasaḥ) - for the stronger (party/state) (of the stronger, for the stronger)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of balīyas

balīyas - stronger, more powerful

comparative degree

Comparative degree of 'balin' (strong), formed with suffix -īyas

Note: Genitive case, implying 'belonging to the stronger' or 'suitable for the stronger'.

आत्मरक्षाकरः (ātmarakṣākaraḥ) - a protector of oneself

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmarakṣākara

ātmarakṣākara - self-protector

Compound of ātman (self), rakṣā (protection), and kara (maker/doer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+rakṣā+kara)

ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
noun (masculine)
rakṣā – protection, guarding
noun (feminine)
From root RAKṢ (to protect)
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
kara – doer, maker
noun (masculine)
From root KṚ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'durbalaḥ'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb meaning 'therefore'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'vigṛhṇīta'.

विगृह्णीत (vigṛhṇīta) - he should engage in hostility, he should fight

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vigṛh

From root GRH (to seize, take) with prefix VI

Prefix: vi