वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-64, verse-6

कथं तच्चन्द्रसंकाशं मुखमासीन्मनोहरम् ।
सीतया कानि चोक्तानि तस्मिन् काले द्विजोत्तम ॥६॥

6. kathaṃ taccandrasaṃkāśaṃ mukhamāsīnmanoharam ,
sītayā kāni coktāni tasmin kāle dvijottama.

6. kathaṃ tat candrasaṃkāśam mukham āsīt manoharam
sītayā kāni ca uktāni tasmin kāle dvijottama

6. dvijottama tat candrasaṃkāśam manoharam mukham
katham āsīt ca sītayā tasmin kāle kāni uktāni

6. O best of the twice-born (dvijottama), how was that moon-like face so charming? And what words were spoken by Sītā at that time?

Words meanings summery:

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner

• तत् (tat) - that

• चन्द्रसंकाशम् (candrasaṁkāśam) - moon-like, moon-resembling

• मुखम् (mukham) - face, mouth

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• मनोहरम् (manoharam) - charming, captivating, delightful

• सीतया (sītayā) - by Sītā

• कानि (kāni) - what (plural), which (plural)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उक्तानि (uktāni) - spoken, said, told

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, at that

• काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

• द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best among the twice-born, O best among brahmins

Words meanings and morphology

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to mukham (face), which is neuter singular.

चन्द्रसंकाशम् (candrasaṁkāśam) - moon-like, moon-resembling

(adjective)

neuter, singular of candrasaṃkāśa

candrasaṁkāśa - moon-like, moon-resembling

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (candra+saṃkāśa)

• candra – moon, luminous, camphor
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, appearing like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kāś (to shine) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mukham.

मुखम् (mukham) - face, mouth

(noun)

neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - face, mouth, front, opening

Note: Subject of the sentence.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense, active voice

Root 'as' (class 2) in third person singular imperfect (laṅ), parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

मनोहरम् (manoharam) - charming, captivating, delightful

(adjective)

neuter, singular of manohara

manohara - charming, captivating, delightful, heart-stealing

From manas (mind) + hara (stealing/taking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manas+hara)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought, heart
  noun (neuter)
• hara – carrying, taking away, captivating, charming
  adjective (masculine)
  Present active participle
  Derived from root hṛ (to take, carry).
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mukham.

सीतया (sītayā) - by Sītā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of Janaka's daughter and Rāma's wife), furrow

Note: Agent of the action 'spoken' (uktāni).

कानि (kāni) - what (plural), which (plural)

(pronoun)

neuter, plural of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Refers to uktāni (spoken things/words).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उक्तानि (uktāni) - spoken, said, told

(adjective)

neuter, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) as a past passive participle.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with kāni.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, at that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with kāle.

काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, epoch, death

द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best among the twice-born, O best among brahmins

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama

dvijottama - best of the twice-born, best of brahmins

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  From dvi (two) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Addressed to.

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