वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-64, verse-20

बहूनि रक्षसां वासे वर्षाणि वसता सुखम् ।
अनेन दण्डकारण्ये विचीर्णमिह पक्षिणा ॥२०॥

20. bahūni rakṣasāṃ vāse varṣāṇi vasatā sukham ,
anena daṇḍakāraṇye vicīrṇamiha pakṣiṇā.

20. bahūni rakṣasām vāse varṣāṇi vasatā sukham
anena daṇḍakāraṇye vicīrṇam iha pakṣiṇā

20. anena pakṣiṇā rakṣasām vāse bahūni varṣāṇi
sukham vasatā iha daṇḍakāraṇye vicīrṇam

20. This bird (Jaṭāyu) lived happily for many years in the Rākṣasas' abode, and roamed extensively here in the Daṇḍaka forest.

Words meanings summery:

• बहूनि (bahūni) - many (many, much)

• रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the Rākṣasas (of the Rākṣasas, of the demons)

• वासे (vāse) - in the abode (in the dwelling, in the abode)

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (years, rainy seasons)

• वसता (vasatā) - by living (by dwelling, by living)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily (happiness, joy, easily, comfortably)

• अनेन (anena) - by this (bird) (by this, by him)

• दण्डकारण्ये (daṇḍakāraṇye) - in the Daṇḍaka forest

• विचीर्णम् (vicīrṇam) - roamed extensively (roamed, wandered, spread)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world)

• पक्षिणा (pakṣiṇā) - by this bird (Jaṭāyu) (by the bird)

Words meanings and morphology

बहूनि (bahūni) - many (many, much)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

Note: Agrees with varṣāṇi.

रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the Rākṣasas (of the Rākṣasas, of the demons)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - Rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit

Note: Often refers to demons/ogres.

वासे (vāse) - in the abode (in the dwelling, in the abode)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vāsa

vāsa - dwelling, abode, residence

Root: vas (class 1)

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (years, rainy seasons)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, rainy season

Note: Functions as adverbial accusative of duration.

वसता (vasatā) - by living (by dwelling, by living)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vasat

vasat - dwelling, living (present participle)

Present Active Participle

Present participle of √vas (class 1, to dwell).

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pakṣiṇā.

सुखम् (sukham) - happily (happiness, joy, easily, comfortably)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

अनेन (anena) - by this (bird) (by this, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with pakṣiṇā.

दण्डकारण्ये (daṇḍakāraṇye) - in the Daṇḍaka forest

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of daṇḍakāraṇya

daṇḍakāraṇya - Daṇḍaka forest (proper name of a forest)

Compound type : tatpurusha (daṇḍaka+araṇya)

• daṇḍaka – Daṇḍaka (name of a forest/region)
  proper noun (neuter)
• araṇya – forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

विचीर्णम् (vicīrṇam) - roamed extensively (roamed, wandered, spread)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vicīrṇa

vicīrṇa - roamed, wandered, scattered, spread

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √car (class 1, to move, to roam) with prefix vi- (apart, widely).

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: This is an impersonal passive construction with instrumental agent (pakṣiṇā).

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

पक्षिणा (pakṣiṇā) - by this bird (Jaṭāyu) (by the bird)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird, winged creature

Note: Agent for both 'vasatā' and 'vicīrṇam'.

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