वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-43, verse-36

तामार्तरूपां विमना रुदन्तीं सौमित्रिरालोक्य विशालनेत्राम् ।
आश्वासयामास न चैव भर्तुस्तं भ्रातरं किं चिदुवाच सीता ॥३६॥

36. tāmārtarūpāṃ vimanā rudantīṃ saumitrirālokya viśālanetrām ,
āśvāsayāmāsa na caiva bhartustaṃ bhrātaraṃ kiṃ ciduvāca sītā.

36. tām ārtarūpām vimanā rudantīm
saumitriḥ ālokya viśālanetrām |
āśvāsayāmāsa na ca eva bhartuḥ
tam bhrātaram kim cit uvāca sītā

36. saumitriḥ ārtarūpām vimanā
rudantīm viśālanetrām tām ālokya
āśvāsayāmāsa ca eva sītā bhartuḥ
tam bhrātaram kim cit na uvāca

36. Having seen Sita, who was distressed in appearance, dejected, weeping, and wide-eyed, Lakshmana, the son of Sumitra, comforted her. However, Sita said nothing to that brother of her husband.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (her, that)

• आर्तरूपाम् (ārtarūpām) - distressed in appearance (having a distressed form, distressed-looking)

• विमना (vimanā) - dejected (dejected, distressed, troubled in mind)

• रुदन्तीम् (rudantīm) - weeping (weeping, crying)

• सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra (Lakshmana))

• आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen (having seen, perceiving)

• विशालनेत्राम् (viśālanetrām) - wide-eyed (large-eyed, wide-eyed)

• आश्वासयामास (āśvāsayāmāsa) - comforted (comforted, consoled, encouraged)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - however (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

• भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of her husband (Rama) (of a husband, of a lord)

• तम् (tam) - that (Lakshmana) (that, him)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother (Lakshmana) (brother)

• किम् चित् (kim cit) - anything (anything, something)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

• सीता (sītā) - Sita

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sita.

आर्तरूपाम् (ārtarūpām) - distressed in appearance (having a distressed form, distressed-looking)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ārtarūpa

ārtarūpa - having a distressed form, distressed-looking

Compound formed from 'ārta' (distressed) and 'rūpa' (form, appearance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ārta+rūpa)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ऋ (ṛ) 'to go, to move' or from ऋच्छ् (ṛcch) 'to go, to move, to be distressed'.
  Root: ṛcch (class 6)
• rūpa – form, appearance, figure, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

विमना (vimanā) - dejected (dejected, distressed, troubled in mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vimanas

vimanas - dejected, dispirited, troubled in mind

Compound of 'vi' (away, apart) and 'manas' (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+manas)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, thought, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Here used as an adjective qualifying Sita, in apposition to 'tām'. Though formally nominative, it functions descriptively for the accusative object.

रुदन्तीम् (rudantīm) - weeping (weeping, crying)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root रुद् (rud) 'to weep, cry'.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra (Lakshmana))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā

Patronymic from Sumitrā (सुमित्रा).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen (having seen, perceiving)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root लोक् (lok) 'to see' with prefix आ (ā).

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

विशालनेत्राम् (viśālanetrām) - wide-eyed (large-eyed, wide-eyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viśālanetrā

viśālanetrā - large-eyed, wide-eyed

Compound of 'viśāla' (large, expansive) and 'netra' (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśāla+netra)

• viśāla – large, extensive, broad, vast
  adjective
• netra – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

आश्वासयामास (āśvāsayāmāsa) - comforted (comforted, consoled, encouraged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of āśvās

Derived from root श्वस् (śvas) 'to breathe' with prefix आ (ā) and causative suffix (णिच् - ṇic). The form āśvāsayāmāsa is a periphrastic perfect.

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Periphrastic perfect, formed from the causative stem 'āśvāsaya' and 'āmāsa'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - however (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of her husband (Rama) (of a husband, of a lord)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, lord, master, supporter

Agent noun from root भृ (bhṛ) 'to bear, support'.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Refers to Rama.

तम् (tam) - that (Lakshmana) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātaram'.

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother (Lakshmana) (brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Refers to Lakshmana.

किम् चित् (kim cit) - anything (anything, something)

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'kim' (what) and 'cit' (indeed).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+cit)

• kim – what, which, why
  interrogative pronoun
• cit – a particle implying indefiniteness, indeed, even
  indeclinable

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सीता (sītā) - Sita

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (name of Janaka's daughter, Rama's wife)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

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