वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-43, verse-25

इत्युक्तः परुषं वाक्यं सीतया सोमहर्षणम् ।
अब्रवील् लक्ष्मणः सीतां प्राञ्जलिर्विजितेन्द्रियः ॥२५॥

25. ityuktaḥ paruṣaṃ vākyaṃ sītayā somaharṣaṇam ,
abravīl lakṣmaṇaḥ sītāṃ prāñjalirvijitendriyaḥ.

25. iti uktaḥ paruṣam vākyam sītayā somaharṣaṇam
abravīt lakṣmaṇaḥ sītām prāñjaliḥ vijitendriyaḥ

25. sītayā iti paruṣam somaharṣaṇam vākyam uktaḥ
vijitendriyaḥ prāñjaliḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ sītām abravīt

25. After being thus addressed by Sītā with harsh and terrifying words, Lakṣmaṇa, his senses controlled and with folded hands, spoke to Sītā.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - (Lakṣmaṇa) being addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• सीतया (sītayā) - by Sītā

• सोमहर्षणम् (somaharṣaṇam) - terrifying (words) (causing joy to Soma, thrilling (literally); terrifying, hair-raising (contextually, as a common variant of `romaharṣaṇam`))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rama's brother)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, reverentially

• विजितेन्द्रियः (vijitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered his senses, self-controlled

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - (Lakṣmaṇa) being addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root `vac` (to speak), irregular past passive participle.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Lakṣmaṇa.

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, rude, cruel, violent

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

From root `vac` (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of the implied `ukta`.

सीतया (sītayā) - by Sītā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (wife of Rama), furrow, a particular measure of land

सोमहर्षणम् (somaharṣaṇam) - terrifying (words) (causing joy to Soma, thrilling (literally); terrifying, hair-raising (contextually, as a common variant of `romaharṣaṇam`))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of somaharṣaṇa

somaharṣaṇa - causing joy/excitement to Soma (moon or a deity), but contextually, and as a common variant of `romaharṣaṇa`, understood as hair-raising, terrifying

Compound `soma` + `harṣaṇa` (from root `hṛṣ` 'to thrill, to be excited').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (soma+harṣaṇa)

• soma – Soma plant, its juice, the moon, a deity
  noun (masculine)
• harṣaṇa – causing joy, thrilling, exciting
  adjective (neuter)
  Agent noun/Adjective from causative of root `hṛṣ`
  From root `hṛṣ` (to be thrilled, excited), with suffix `ana`
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `vākyam`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense, Parasmaipada

Root `brū` (class 2), augment `a-` and `vīt` ending.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rama's brother)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (son of Sumitrā), having auspicious marks

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (wife of Rama), furrow

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, reverentially

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with joined/folded hands (as a gesture of respect), reverential

Compound `pra` + `añjali` (handful, also gesture).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, onward, forth
  indeclinable
• añjali – the hollow of the hands, a respectful salutation with joined hands
  noun (masculine)
  From root `añj` (to anoint, to honour)
  Root: añj (class 7)

विजितेन्द्रियः (vijitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered his senses, self-controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijitendriya

vijitendriya - one who has conquered or controlled his senses

Bahuvrīhi compound: `vijita` (conquered) + `indriya` (sense).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vijita+indriya)

• vijita – conquered, subdued, vanquished
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `ji` (to conquer) with prefix `vi`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty, power
  noun (neuter)

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