वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-94, verse-50

यानि मिथ्याभिशस्तानां पतन्त्यस्राणि राघव ।
तानि पुत्रपशून् घ्नन्ति प्रीत्यर्थमनुशासतः ॥५०॥

50. yāni mithyābhiśastānāṃ patantyasrāṇi rāghava ,
tāni putrapaśūn ghnanti prītyarthamanuśāsataḥ.

50. yāni mithyābhiśastānām patanti asrāṇi rāghava
tāni putrapaśūn ghnanti prītyartham anuśāsataḥ

50. rāghava yāni mithyābhiśastānām asrāṇi patanti
tāni anuśāsataḥ prītyartham putrapaśūn ghnanti

50. O Rāghava, the tears that fall from those who have been falsely accused destroy the children and livestock of a ruler who governs for his own gratification.

Words meanings summery:

• यानि (yāni) - which, those which

• मिथ्याभिशस्तानाम् (mithyābhiśastānām) - of those falsely accused

• पतन्ति (patanti) - they fall, they drop

• अस्राणि (asrāṇi) - tears (tears, blood)

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu, referring to Rama))

• तानि (tāni) - those, they

• पुत्रपशून् (putrapaśūn) - children and livestock (sons and cattle, children and livestock)

• घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they destroy (they kill, they destroy, they strike)

• प्रीत्यर्थम् (prītyartham) - for his own gratification (for the sake of pleasure, for gratification)

• अनुशासतः (anuśāsataḥ) - of a ruler who governs (of him who rules, of the ruler, governing)

Words meanings and morphology

यानि (yāni) - which, those which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yad

yad - which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'asrāṇi'

मिथ्याभिशस्तानाम् (mithyābhiśastānām) - of those falsely accused

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mithyābhiśasta

mithyābhiśasta - falsely accused, wrongly blamed

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mithyā+abhiśasta)

• mithyā – falsely, wrongly, untruly
  indeclinable
• abhiśasta – accused, cursed, blamed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root śas with upasarga abhi
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: śas (class 2)

Note: Used substantively to mean "of those who are falsely accused"

पतन्ति (patanti) - they fall, they drop

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Present Active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, P-class conjugation

Root: pat (class 1)

अस्राणि (asrāṇi) - tears (tears, blood)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of asra

asra - tear, blood

Note: Subject of 'patanti'

राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu, referring to Rama))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet for Rama

तानि (tāni) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Correlates with 'yāni', referring to 'asrāṇi'

पुत्रपशून् (putrapaśūn) - children and livestock (sons and cattle, children and livestock)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putrapaśu

putrapaśu - sons and cattle, children and animals

Compound type : dvandva (putra+paśu)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• paśu – cattle, animal, beast
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'ghnanti'

घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they destroy (they kill, they destroy, they strike)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of han

Present Active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, P-class conjugation

Root: han (class 2)

प्रीत्यर्थम् (prītyartham) - for his own gratification (for the sake of pleasure, for gratification)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prītyartha

prītyartha - for the sake of pleasure, for gratification, to please

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prīti+artha)

• prīti – pleasure, love, joy, satisfaction
  noun (feminine)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• artha – sake, purpose, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative

अनुशासतः (anuśāsataḥ) - of a ruler who governs (of him who rules, of the ruler, governing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anuśāsat

anuśāsat - ruling, governing, instructing

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root śās with upasarga anu

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Used substantively

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