वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-94, verse-43

कच्चिन्नागवनं गुप्तं कुञ्जराणां च तृप्यसि ।
कच्चिद्दर्शयसे नित्यं मनुष्याणां विभूषितम् ।
उत्थायोत्थाय पूर्वाह्णे राजपुत्रो महापथे ॥४३॥

43. kaccinnāgavanaṃ guptaṃ kuñjarāṇāṃ ca tṛpyasi ,
kacciddarśayase nityaṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ vibhūṣitam ,
utthāyotthāya pūrvāhṇe rājaputro mahāpathe.

43. kaccit nāgavanam guptam kuñjarāṇām
ca tṛpyasi kaccit darśayase nityam
manuṣyāṇām vibhūṣitam utthāya
utthāya pūrvāhṇe rājaputraḥ mahāpathe

43. I hope the elephant forest is guarded, and that you keep the elephants satisfied. And I hope, O Prince, that you regularly present yourself adorned to the people on the main road, rising repeatedly in the early morning.

Words meanings summery:

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that..., whether, perhaps

• नागवनम् (nāgavanam) - elephant forest

• गुप्तम् (guptam) - protected, hidden, secret

• कुञ्जराणाम् (kuñjarāṇām) - of elephants

• च (ca) - and

• तृप्यसि (tṛpyasi) - you keep satisfied (the elephants) (you satisfy, you are satisfied)

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that..., whether, perhaps

• दर्शयसे (darśayase) - you show yourself, you appear

• नित्यम् (nityam) - regularly, daily (always, constantly, daily)

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - to the people (as an audience) (of men, of humans, to people)

• विभूषितम् (vibhūṣitam) - adorned, embellished, decorated

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - rising (repeatedly) (having risen, having stood up)

• उत्थाय (utthāya) - rising (repeatedly) (having risen, having stood up)

• पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇe) - in the forenoon, in the early morning

• राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - Addressing the king (as a prince) (O Prince, king's son)

• महापथे (mahāpathe) - on the main road, on the highway

Words meanings and morphology

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that..., whether, perhaps

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to express a wish or expectation, implying a question.

नागवनम् (nāgavanam) - elephant forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāgavana

nāgavana - elephant forest

Compound of nāga (elephant) and vana (forest)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+vana)

• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of implied 'is protected' (guptam).

गुप्तम् (guptam) - protected, hidden, secret

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gupta

gupta - protected, hidden, guarded

Past Passive Participle

From √gup (to protect, to hide)

Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'nāgavanam'.

कुञ्जराणाम् (kuñjarāṇām) - of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

Note: Associated with 'tṛpyasi' in the sense of 'satisfying them'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तृप्यसि (tṛpyasi) - you keep satisfied (the elephants) (you satisfy, you are satisfied)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tṛp

Root: tṛp (class 4)

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that..., whether, perhaps

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to express a wish or expectation, implying a question.

दर्शयसे (darśayase) - you show yourself, you appear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of darśaya

Causative of √dṛś (to see)

From √dṛś (to see) + -aya (causative suffix). Middle voice makes it reflexive: 'to show oneself'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - regularly, daily (always, constantly, daily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - to the people (as an audience) (of men, of humans, to people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, person

Note: Often used with verbs of showing/giving, implying 'to' or 'for'.

विभूषितम् (vibhūṣitam) - adorned, embellished, decorated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhūṣita

vibhūṣita - adorned, embellished, decorated

Past Passive Participle

From vi- + √bhūṣ (to adorn)

Prefix: vi

Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'you' (king) showing himself.

उत्थाय (utthāya) - rising (repeatedly) (having risen, having stood up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From ut- + √sthā (to stand)

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Repetition indicates continuous or habitual action.

उत्थाय (utthāya) - rising (repeatedly) (having risen, having stood up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From ut- + √sthā (to stand)

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Repetition indicates continuous or habitual action.

पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇe) - in the forenoon, in the early morning

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pūrvāhṇa

pūrvāhṇa - forenoon, early part of the day

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+ahṇa)

• pūrva – पूर्व
  adjective (masculine)
• ahṇa – day
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates time.

राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - Addressing the king (as a prince) (O Prince, king's son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, king's son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: The 'o' in 'rājaputro' is a sandhi form of vocative singular 'rājaputra'.

महापथे (mahāpathe) - on the main road, on the highway

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāpatha

mahāpatha - main road, highway, great path

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+patha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• patha – path, road
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates location.

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