वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-94, verse-38

प्रहृष्टनरनारीकः समाजोत्सवशोभितः ।
सुकृष्टसीमा पशुमान् हिंसाभिरभिवर्जितः ॥३८॥

38. prahṛṣṭanaranārīkaḥ samājotsavaśobhitaḥ ,
sukṛṣṭasīmā paśumān hiṃsābhirabhivarjitaḥ.

38. pra-hṛṣṭa-nara-nārīkaḥ samāja-utsava-śobhitaḥ
su-kṛṣṭa-sīmā paśu-mān hiṃsābhiḥ abhivarjitaḥ

38. kaccit janapadaḥ pra-hṛṣṭa-nara-nārīkaḥ samāja-utsava-śobhitaḥ
su-kṛṣṭa-sīmā paśu-mān hiṃsābhiḥ abhivarjitaḥ

38. Is it populated by joyful men and women, adorned with social gatherings and festivals, possessing well-cultivated fields and abundant livestock, and entirely free from acts of violence?

Words meanings summery:

• प्र-हृष्ट-नर-नारीकः (pra-hṛṣṭa-nara-nārīkaḥ) - having joyous men and women

• समाज-उत्सव-शोभितः (samāja-utsava-śobhitaḥ) - adorned with gatherings and festivals

• सु-कृष्ट-सीमा (su-kṛṣṭa-sīmā) - having well-cultivated borders/fields

• पशु-मान् (paśu-mān) - possessing cattle/livestock, rich in animals

• हिंसाभिः (hiṁsābhiḥ) - by violence, by injuries

• अभिवर्जितः (abhivarjitaḥ) - completely free from, avoided, shunned

Words meanings and morphology

प्र-हृष्ट-नर-नारीकः (pra-hṛṣṭa-nara-nārīkaḥ) - having joyous men and women

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pra-hṛṣṭa-nara-nārīka

pra-hṛṣṭa-nara-nārīka - having joyous men and women

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra-hṛṣṭa+nara+nārī)

• pra-hṛṣṭa – very joyful, delighted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-hṛṣ 'to rejoice greatly'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• nārī – woman
  noun (feminine)

समाज-उत्सव-शोभितः (samāja-utsava-śobhitaḥ) - adorned with gatherings and festivals

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāja-utsava-śobhita

samāja-utsava-śobhita - adorned with gatherings and festivals

Past Passive Participle

Compound adjective ending in śobhita

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samāja+utsava+śobhita)

• samāja – gathering, assembly, society
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-aj 'to assemble'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: aj (class 1)
• utsava – festival, celebration
  noun (masculine)
  From ut-su 'to swell, to rejoice'
  Prefix: ut
  Root: su (class 2)
• śobhita – adorned, beautified
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śubh 'to be brilliant, to adorn'
  Root: śubh (class 1)

सु-कृष्ट-सीमा (su-kṛṣṭa-sīmā) - having well-cultivated borders/fields

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of su-kṛṣṭa-sīman

su-kṛṣṭa-sīman - having well-cultivated borders/fields

Bahuvrīhi compound, sīmā is nominative singular of sīman

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+kṛṣṭa+sīman)

• su – good, well
  indeclinable
• kṛṣṭa – cultivated, plowed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛṣ 'to plow'
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
• sīman – border, boundary, field
  noun (neuter)

पशु-मान् (paśu-mān) - possessing cattle/livestock, rich in animals

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśu-mat

paśu-mat - possessing cattle/livestock, rich in animals

Possessive suffix -mat

हिंसाभिः (hiṁsābhiḥ) - by violence, by injuries

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of hiṃsā

hiṁsā - violence, injury, harm

From root hiṃs 'to harm, injure'

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

अभिवर्जितः (abhivarjitaḥ) - completely free from, avoided, shunned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhivarjita

abhivarjita - completely free from, avoided, shunned

Past Passive Participle

From abhi-vṛj 'to avoid, shun'

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛj (class 1)

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