वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-9, verse-8

एवमुक्ता तया देव्या मन्थरा पापदर्शिनी ।
रामार्थमुपहिंसन्ती कुब्जा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥८॥

8. evamuktā tayā devyā mantharā pāpadarśinī ,
rāmārthamupahiṃsantī kubjā vacanamabravīt.

8. evam uktā tayā devyā mantharā pāpadarśinī
rāmārtham upahiṃsantī kubjā vacanam abravīt

8. tayā devyā evam uktā,
rāmārtham upahiṃsantī pāpadarśinī mantharā kubjā vacanam abravīt

8. Thus addressed by that queen (devī), Mantharā, the evil-minded hunchback, intent on harming Rāma, spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्ता (uktā) - spoken, addressed, said

• तया (tayā) - by her, by that (feminine)

• देव्या (devyā) - by Kaikeyī, the queen (by the queen, by the goddess)

• मन्थरा (mantharā) - Mantharā (proper name)

• पापदर्शिनी (pāpadarśinī) - evil-minded, seeing evil, one who perceives evil

• रामार्थम् (rāmārtham) - for Rāma's sake, for the purpose of Rāma

• उपहिंसन्ती (upahiṁsantī) - intending to harm, harming, injuring

• कुब्जा (kubjā) - Mantharā, who was a hunchback (hunchback, a hunchbacked woman)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, statement, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies 'uktā'.

उक्ता (uktā) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, uttered, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'mantharā' and 'kubjā'.

तया (tayā) - by her, by that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Pronominal stem.

Note: Agrees with 'devyā'.

देव्या (devyā) - by Kaikeyī, the queen (by the queen, by the goddess)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady

Feminine noun.

Root: div (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'uktā'.

मन्थरा (mantharā) - Mantharā (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mantharā

mantharā - Manthara (proper noun), churning stick (general meaning)

Feminine noun.

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

पापदर्शिनी (pāpadarśinī) - evil-minded, seeing evil, one who perceives evil

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pāpadarśin

pāpadarśin - seeing evil, looking to evil, evil-minded, malicious

Compound of 'pāpa' (evil) and 'darśin' (seeing, perceiving).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+darśin)

• pāpa – evil, bad, wicked, sin
  noun (neuter)
• darśin – seeing, knowing, showing, perceiving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Adjective
  Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -in.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mantharā'.

रामार्थम् (rāmārtham) - for Rāma's sake, for the purpose of Rāma

(indeclinable)

Compound used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāma+artha)

• rāma – Rāma (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates purpose or target of the action of 'upahiṃsantī'.

उपहिंसन्ती (upahiṁsantī) - intending to harm, harming, injuring

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upahiṃsat

upahiṁsat - harming, injuring, hurting, intending to harm

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hiṃs (to harm) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'mantharā' and 'kubjā'.

कुब्जा (kubjā) - Mantharā, who was a hunchback (hunchback, a hunchbacked woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kubjā

kubjā - hunchback, a hunchbacked woman (proper name in context of Ramayana)

Feminine noun.

Note: Qualifies 'mantharā'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, statement, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech, statement, command

Derived from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect Active

Root verb.

Root: bru (class 2)

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