वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-9, verse-41

गतोदके सेतुबन्धो न कल्याणि विधीयते ।
उत्तिष्ठ कुरु कल्याणं राजानमनुदर्शय ॥४१॥

41. gatodake setubandho na kalyāṇi vidhīyate ,
uttiṣṭha kuru kalyāṇaṃ rājānamanudarśaya.

41. gata-udake setu-bandhaḥ na kalyāṇi vidhīyate
uttiṣṭha kuru kalyāṇam rājānam anudarśaya

41. kalyāṇi gata-udake setu-bandhaḥ na vidhīyate
uttiṣṭha kalyāṇam kuru rājānam anudarśaya

41. O beautiful one, building a dam when the water has already gone is of no use. Arise, do what is auspicious, and present yourself before the king!

Words meanings summery:

• गत-उदके (gata-udake) - in a situation where the water has already flowed away (when the water has gone, in the water-gone (condition))

• सेतु-बन्धः (setu-bandhaḥ) - dam construction, building of a bridge

• न (na) - not, no

• कल्याणि (kalyāṇi) - O beautiful one (addressing Kaikeyi) (O beautiful one, O auspicious one)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is done, is undertaken (implying 'is of no use') (is performed, is done, is ordained)

• उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - stand up, arise

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make

• कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - what is auspicious or beneficial (good, auspicious, welfare)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

• अनुदर्शय (anudarśaya) - present yourself before (the king) (show, present yourself to)

Words meanings and morphology

गत-उदके (gata-udake) - in a situation where the water has already flowed away (when the water has gone, in the water-gone (condition))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gata-udaka

gata-udaka - water-gone, where water has departed

Compound of gata (gone, past passive participle from √gam) + udaka (water)

Compound type : tatpurusha (gata+udaka)

• gata – gone, departed, reached
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, meaning 'when the water has gone'.

सेतु-बन्धः (setu-bandhaḥ) - dam construction, building of a bridge

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of setu-bandha

setu-bandha - construction of a dam/bridge

Compound of setu (dam, bridge) + bandha (binding, construction)

Compound type : tatpurusha (setu+bandha)

• setu – dam, bridge, embankment
  noun (masculine)
• bandha – binding, bond, construction
  noun (masculine)
  from √bandh (to bind)
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Subject of vidhīyate.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कल्याणि (kalyāṇi) - O beautiful one (addressing Kaikeyi) (O beautiful one, O auspicious one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇī

kalyāṇī - beautiful, auspicious, blessed (feminine)

Note: Addressing Kaikeyi.

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is done, is undertaken (implying 'is of no use') (is performed, is done, is ordained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

from vi- + √dhā (to place, do)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - stand up, arise

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of utthā

from ut- + √sthā (to stand)

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

कुरु (kuru) - do, make

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - what is auspicious or beneficial (good, auspicious, welfare)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - auspicious, beautiful, good, welfare

Note: Object of kuru.

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Object of anudarśaya.

अनुदर्शय (anudarśaya) - present yourself before (the king) (show, present yourself to)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of anudarśaya

causal verb, imperative

from anu- + causal √dṛś (to see)

Prefix: anu

Root: dṛś (class 1)

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