वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-9, verse-18

न त्वां क्रोधयितुं शक्तो न क्रुद्धां प्रत्युदीक्षितुम् ।
तव प्रियार्थं राजा हि प्राणानपि परित्यजेत् ॥१८॥

18. na tvāṃ krodhayituṃ śakto na kruddhāṃ pratyudīkṣitum ,
tava priyārthaṃ rājā hi prāṇānapi parityajet.

18. na tvām krodhayitum śaktaḥ na kruddhām pratyudīkṣitum
tava priyārtham rājā hi prāṇān api parityajet

18. rājā tvām krodhayitum na śaktaḥ,
kruddhām na pratyudīkṣitum [śaktaḥ].
hi [saḥ] tava priyārtham prāṇān api parityajet.

18. He is not capable of making you angry, nor can he bear to look upon you when you are in a rage. Indeed, the king would even sacrifice his own life for your beloved sake.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• क्रोधयितुम् (krodhayitum) - to make angry, to enrage

• शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• क्रुद्धाम् (kruddhām) - (you) when angry (angry, enraged)

• प्रत्युदीक्षितुम् (pratyudīkṣitum) - to look upon, to look back at, to see

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• प्रियार्थम् (priyārtham) - for your beloved sake (for the sake of the beloved, for one's pleasure/dear object)

• राजा (rājā) - King Daśaratha (king)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - his own life (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - would sacrifice (would abandon, would give up, should abandon)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

क्रोधयितुम् (krodhayitum) - to make angry, to enrage

(indeclinable)

infinitive

root kudh (class 4) + caus. -ya + tumun suffix

Root: kudh (class 4)

शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta

śakta - able, capable, mighty

Past Passive Participle

from root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

क्रुद्धाम् (kruddhām) - (you) when angry (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kruddhā

kruddhā - angry, enraged (feminine)

Past Passive Participle

from root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

प्रत्युदीक्षितुम् (pratyudīkṣitum) - to look upon, to look back at, to see

(indeclinable)

infinitive

from root īkṣ (to see) with prefixes prati + ud

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

प्रियार्थम् (priyārtham) - for your beloved sake (for the sake of the beloved, for one's pleasure/dear object)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priyārtha

priyārtha - for the sake of pleasure/dear object

Compound type : tatpurusha (priya+artha)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

राजा (rājā) - King Daśaratha (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - his own life (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, spirit

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - would sacrifice (would abandon, would give up, should abandon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of parityaj

optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

root tyaj (class 1) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

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