वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-85, verse-74

व्यस्मयन्त मनुष्यास्ते स्वप्नकल्पं तदद्भुतम् ।
दृष्ट्वातिथ्यं कृतं तादृग्भरतस्य महर्षिणा ॥७४॥

74. vyasmayanta manuṣyāste svapnakalpaṃ tadadbhutam ,
dṛṣṭvātithyaṃ kṛtaṃ tādṛgbharatasya maharṣiṇā.

74. vyasmayanta manuṣyāḥ te svapnakalpam tat adbhutam
dṛṣṭvā ātithyam kṛtam tādṛk bharatasya maharṣiṇā

74. te manuṣyāḥ vyasmayanta tat svapnakalpam adbhutam
dṛṣṭvā tādṛk ātithyam kṛtam bharatasya maharṣiṇā

74. Those men were greatly amazed by that dream-like marvel, having seen such hospitality shown to Bharata by the great sage.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यस्मयन्त (vyasmayanta) - they wondered, they were amazed

• मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - men, human beings

• ते (te) - those, they

• स्वप्नकल्पम् (svapnakalpam) - dream-like, resembling a dream

• तत् (tat) - that

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonder, marvel, amazing thing

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• आतिथ्यम् (ātithyam) - hospitality, entertainment of guests

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made

• तादृक् (tādṛk) - such, of that kind

• भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

• महर्षिणा (maharṣiṇā) - by the great sage Bharadvāja (by the great sage)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यस्मयन्त (vyasmayanta) - they wondered, they were amazed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of smi

Imperfect Middle third person plural

Root 'smi' with prefix 'vi-a' ('vy-a'). Middle voice, Imperfect tense, third person plural.

Prefixes: vi+a

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Finite verb.

मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - men, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, mankind

Note: Subject of 'vyasmayanta'.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun referring to 'manuṣyāḥ'.

स्वप्नकल्पम् (svapnakalpam) - dream-like, resembling a dream

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svapnakalpa

svapnakalpa - like a dream, resembling a dream

Compound type : upamāna-pūrva-pada (svapna+kalpa)

• svapna – sleep, dream
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• kalpa – like, resembling, similar to
  indeclinable
  Used as a suffix to mean 'like, resembling'.

Note: Adjective for 'adbhutam'.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun for 'adbhutam'.

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonder, marvel, amazing thing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, astonishing, a wonder, miracle

Note: Object of amazement (implied by 'vyasmayanta').

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dṛś' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive describing the action leading to amazement.

आतिथ्यम् (ātithyam) - hospitality, entertainment of guests

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātithya

ātithya - hospitality, entertainment of guests

Derived from 'atithi' (guest).

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā' and 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ' with suffix '-ta'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'ātithyam'.

तादृक् (tādṛk) - such, of that kind

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tādṛś

tādṛś - such, of that kind, like that

From 'tad' + 'dṛś'.

Note: Adjective for 'ātithyam'. 'tādṛk' is the sandhi-free form of 'tādṛś' in this context.

भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name), maintained, cherished

Note: Indicates whose hospitality.

महर्षिणा (maharṣiṇā) - by the great sage Bharadvāja (by the great sage)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of 'kṛtam'.

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