वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-34, verse-19

तां भुजाभ्यां परिष्वज्य श्वश्रूर्वचनमब्रवीत् ।
अनाचरन्तीं कृपणं मूध्न्युपाघ्राय मैथिलीम् ॥१९॥

19. tāṃ bhujābhyāṃ pariṣvajya śvaśrūrvacanamabravīt ,
anācarantīṃ kṛpaṇaṃ mūdhnyupāghrāya maithilīm.

19. tām bhujābhyām pariṣvajya śvaśrūḥ vacanam abravīt
anācarantīm kṛpaṇam mūrdhni upāghrāya maithilīm

19. śvaśrūḥ tām maithilīm anācarantīm kṛpaṇam bhujābhyām
pariṣvajya mūrdhni upāghrāya vacanam abravīt

19. Her mother-in-law, having embraced Maithilī with both arms and having smelled her head (kissed her forehead) – as she was not acting piteously – spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

• भुजाभ्याम् (bhujābhyām) - with two arms

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

• श्वश्रूः (śvaśrūḥ) - mother-in-law

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• अनाचरन्तीम् (anācarantīm) - not acting piteously (not behaving, not acting)

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - piteously (used adverbially) (miserly, pitiable, humble)

• मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head, on the top

• उपाघ्राय (upāghrāya) - having kissed her forehead (having smelled, having kissed (the head))

• मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Maithilī (Sītā)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

भुजाभ्याम् (bhujābhyām) - with two arms

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, dual of bhujā

bhujā - arm, hand

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root svaj (to embrace) with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

श्वश्रूः (śvaśrūḥ) - mother-in-law

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śvaśrū

śvaśrū - mother-in-law

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, word, speech, statement

Derived from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense

Imperfect tense 3rd person singular active, from root brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

अनाचरन्तीम् (anācarantīm) - not acting piteously (not behaving, not acting)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anācarantī

anācarantī - not behaving, not doing, not observing

Present Active Participle (negative)

Feminine form of present active participle of root car (to move, to act) with prefix ā and negative prefix an.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+ācarantī)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ācarantī – behaving, acting
  adjective (feminine)
  Present Active Participle
  Feminine form of present active participle of root car (to move, to act) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - piteously (used adverbially) (miserly, pitiable, humble)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here, meaning 'piteously'.

मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head, on the top

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

उपाघ्राय (upāghrāya) - having kissed her forehead (having smelled, having kissed (the head))

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root ghrā (to smell) with prefix upa. In context, often implies kissing the head as a sign of affection.

Prefix: upa

Root: ghrā (class 1)

मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Maithilī (Sītā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - princess of Mithilā, Sītā

Derived from Mithilā, referring to the kingdom of Sītā's father.

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