वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-34, verse-12

राज्ञो वचनमाज्ञाय सुमन्त्रः शीघ्रविक्रमः ।
योजयित्वाययौ तत्र रथमश्वैरलंकृतम् ॥१२॥

12. rājño vacanamājñāya sumantraḥ śīghravikramaḥ ,
yojayitvāyayau tatra rathamaśvairalaṃkṛtam.

12. rājñaḥ vacanam ājñāya sumantraḥ śīghravikramaḥ
yojayitvā āyayau tatra ratham aśvaiḥ alaṅkṛtam

12. sumantraḥ śīghravikramaḥ rājñaḥ vacanam ājñāya tatra aśvaiḥ alaṅkṛtam ratham yojayitvā āyayau.

12. Understanding the king's command, Sumantra, who was swift in action, yoked the chariot, which was adorned with horses, and came there.

Words meanings summery:

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Dasharatha) (of the king)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - command (word, speech, command)

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having understood (having known, having understood, having commanded)

• सुमन्त्रः (sumantraḥ) - Sumantra (the charioteer/minister) (Sumantra)

• शीघ्रविक्रमः (śīghravikramaḥ) - swift in action/prowess (swift in valor, swift in movement/prowess)

• योजयित्वा (yojayitvā) - having yoked/prepared (having yoked, having harnessed, having arranged)

• आययौ (āyayau) - he came (he came, he approached)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (to where the king was) (there, in that place)

• रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (chariot)

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - with horses (with horses, by horses)

• अलङ्कृतम् (alaṅkṛtam) - adorned (adorned, decorated, embellished)

Words meanings and morphology

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Dasharatha) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

N-stem noun

Root: rāj (class 1)

वचनम् (vacanam) - command (word, speech, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, command

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having understood (having known, having understood, having commanded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From ā- + jñā (to know)

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

सुमन्त्रः (sumantraḥ) - Sumantra (the charioteer/minister) (Sumantra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (name of Dasharatha's charioteer/minister)

शीघ्रविक्रमः (śīghravikramaḥ) - swift in action/prowess (swift in valor, swift in movement/prowess)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīghravikrama

śīghravikrama - swift in valor, swift in movement, of quick prowess

Compound of śīghra (swift) + vikrama (prowess, valor, step)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīghra+vikrama)

• śīghra – swift, quick, rapid
  adjective (masculine)
• vikrama – prowess, valor, step, stride
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + kram (to step)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

योजयित्वा (yojayitvā) - having yoked/prepared (having yoked, having harnessed, having arranged)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) of causative

From root yuj (to yoke) in causative + ktvā

Root: yuj (class 7)

आययौ (āyayau) - he came (he came, he approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect tense form with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Intensive perfect of ā + yā.

तत्र (tatra) - there (to where the king was) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from tad

रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

From root ram (to delight, to move)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of `yojayitvā`.

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - with horses (with horses, by horses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Denotes the means/agent of adornment.

अलङ्कृतम् (alaṅkṛtam) - adorned (adorned, decorated, embellished)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of alaṅkṛta

alaṅkṛta - adorned, decorated, ornamented, embellished

Past Passive Participle

From alam- + kṛ (to do, to make)

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Previous Verse Next Verse