वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-17, verse-5

वर्धयित्वा प्रहृष्टास्ताः प्रविश्य च गृहं स्त्रियः ।
न्यवेदयन्त त्वरिता राम मातुः प्रियं तदा ॥५॥

5. vardhayitvā prahṛṣṭāstāḥ praviśya ca gṛhaṃ striyaḥ ,
nyavedayanta tvaritā rāma mātuḥ priyaṃ tadā.

5. vardhayitvā prahr̥ṣṭāḥ tāḥ praviśya ca gr̥ham
striyaḥ nyavedayanta tvaritāḥ rāma mātuḥ priyam tadā

5. rāma tāḥ striyaḥ vardhayitvā prahr̥ṣṭāḥ ca gr̥ham
praviśya tadā tvaritāḥ mātuḥ priyam nyavedayanta

5. O Rāma, those women, having celebrated and being greatly delighted, entered the house and then swiftly announced the good news to your mother.

Words meanings summery:

• वर्धयित्वा (vardhayitvā) - having caused to grow, having increased, having celebrated, having amplified

• प्रह्र्̥ष्टाः (prahr̥ṣṭāḥ) - very joyful, highly delighted, greatly pleased

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

• च (ca) - and

• ग्र्̥हम् (gr̥ham) - house, home, dwelling

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women, females

• न्यवेदयन्त (nyavedayanta) - they announced, they reported

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swift, hurried, quick

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother

• प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, pleasing, good news

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

वर्धयित्वा (vardhayitvā) - having caused to grow, having increased, having celebrated, having amplified

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from the causative stem of the root √vr̥dh (to grow, increase) + suffix -ktvā.

Root: vr̥dh (class 1)

प्रह्र्̥ष्टाः (prahr̥ṣṭāḥ) - very joyful, highly delighted, greatly pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prahr̥ṣṭa

prahr̥ṣṭa - greatly delighted, highly pleased, very happy

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√hr̥ṣ (to be excited, rejoice) + kta (past passive participle suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: hr̥ṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'striyaḥ'.

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'striyaḥ'.

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from the root √viś (to enter) with prefix pra- and suffix -ya (lYAP), used when a prefix is present.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'vardhayitvā' and 'praviśya'.

ग्र्̥हम् (gr̥ham) - house, home, dwelling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gr̥ha

gr̥ha - house, home, dwelling

Note: Object of 'praviśya'.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women, females

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

Note: Subject of 'nyavedayanta'.

न्यवेदयन्त (nyavedayanta) - they announced, they reported

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of nivedaya

Causative stem of ni-√vid

Formed from the root √vid (to know) with prefix ni- and the causative suffix -aya. The form is Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, Ātmanepada.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swift, hurried, quick

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, swift, quick, agile

Past Passive Participle

From √tvar (to hurry) + kta (past passive participle suffix).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'striyaḥ'.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero of Ramayana), pleasing, delightful

Note: The narrator addresses Rāma.

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātr̥

mātr̥ - mother

Note: Implies a dative sense (to the mother) in this context with 'priyam'.

प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, pleasing, good news

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable; good news, beloved thing

Note: Direct object of 'nyavedayanta'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time, derived from the pronoun 'tad'.

Previous Verse Next Verse