वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-14, verse-21

स पर्जन्य इवाकाशे स्वनवानभिनादयन् ।
निकेतान्निर्ययौ श्रीमान्महाभ्रादिव चन्द्रमाः ॥२१॥

21. sa parjanya ivākāśe svanavānabhinādayan ,
niketānniryayau śrīmānmahābhrādiva candramāḥ.

21. saḥ parjanyaḥ iva ākāśe svanavān abhinādayan
niketāt niryayau śrīmān mahāabhrāt iva candramāḥ

21. saḥ śrīmān niketāt niryayau ākāśe parjanyaḥ iva
svanavān abhinādayan candramāḥ iva mahāabhrāt

21. That glorious one (Rama) departed from his abode, reverberating like a thundercloud in the sky, just as the moon emerges from a great cloud.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - That glorious one (Rama) (he, that)

• पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - thundercloud, rain-god, cloud

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space, in the atmosphere

• स्वनवान् (svanavān) - making a sound, roaring, sounding, noisy

• अभिनादयन् (abhinādayan) - making reverberate, causing to resound, filling with noise

• निकेतात् (niketāt) - from the abode, from the dwelling, from the house

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - went forth, departed, came out

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, resplendent, prosperous, fortunate

• महाअभ्रात् (mahāabhrāt) - from a great cloud, from a large cloud

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

• चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - That glorious one (Rama) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Rama.

पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - thundercloud, rain-god, cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parjanya

parjanya - rain-cloud, thundercloud, rain-god, god of rain and thunder

Note: Used in a simile.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space, in the atmosphere

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the location where the thundercloud is.

स्वनवान् (svanavān) - making a sound, roaring, sounding, noisy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svanavat

svanavat - sounding, roaring, noisy, having a sound

Possessive adjective formed with the suffix -vat.

Root: svan (class 1)

अभिनादयन् (abhinādayan) - making reverberate, causing to resound, filling with noise

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhinādayat

abhinādayat - making resound, causing to reverberate

Present Active Participle (causative)

From abhi- + nādayati (causative of nad, to sound).

Prefix: abhi

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Describes Rama's action or sound.

निकेतात् (niketāt) - from the abode, from the dwelling, from the house

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niketa

niketa - dwelling, abode, house, residence

From ni- + kī (to reside).

Prefix: ni

Root: kī (class 9)

Note: Indicates departure point.

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - went forth, departed, came out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of niryā

Perfect 3rd singular

From nir- + yā (to go).

Prefix: nis

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, resplendent, prosperous, fortunate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, splendid, prosperous, wealthy, beautiful

Possessive adjective derived from śrī + matup.

महाअभ्रात् (mahāabhrāt) - from a great cloud, from a large cloud

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of mahāabhra

mahāabhra - great cloud, large cloud

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+abhra)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Often seen as 'mahant' stem.
• abhra – cloud, sky
  noun (neuter)
  Root: abhr

Note: Used in a simile, source of emergence.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candramas

candramas - the moon

Derived from root candr (to shine).

Root: candr

Note: Used in a simile.

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