वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-56, verse-10

एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु सत्यवादी जितेन्द्रियः ।
त्रिशङ्कुरिति विख्यात इक्ष्वाकु कुलनन्दनः ॥१०॥

10. etasminneva kāle tu satyavādī jitendriyaḥ ,
triśaṅkuriti vikhyāta ikṣvāku kulanandanaḥ.

10. etasmin eva kāle tu satyavādī jitendriyaḥ
triśaṅkuḥ iti vikhyātaḥ ikṣvāku kulanandanaḥ

10. tu etasmin eva kāle ikṣvāku kulanandanaḥ
satyavādī jitendriyaḥ triśaṅkuḥ iti vikhyātaḥ

10. Indeed, at this very time, there lived a renowned man from the Ikṣvāku lineage, Triśaṅku by name, who was truthful and had conquered his senses.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this, on this

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

• काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truthful, truth-speaker

• जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered his senses, self-controlled

• त्रिशङ्कुः (triśaṅkuḥ) - Triśaṅku (a proper name)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, named

• विख्यातः (vikhyātaḥ) - famous, renowned, well-known

• इक्ष्वाकु (ikṣvāku) - Ikṣvāku (referring to the dynasty of Ikṣvāku)

• कुलनन्दनः (kulanandanaḥ) - delight of the family/lineage, joy of the clan

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this, on this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

(indeclinable)

काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period, proper time

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truthful, truth-speaker

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - speaking the truth, truthful

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaker, one who speaks, asserting
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vad (class 1)

जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered his senses, self-controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jitendriya

jitendriya - one who has subdued or conquered his senses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+indriya)

• jita – conquered, subdued, won
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)

त्रिशङ्कुः (triśaṅkuḥ) - Triśaṅku (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of triśaṅku

triśaṅku - name of a king of the Ikṣvāku dynasty, known for his ambition to ascend to heaven in his mortal body

इति (iti) - thus, so, named

(indeclinable)

विख्यातः (vikhyātaḥ) - famous, renowned, well-known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikhyāta

vikhyāta - celebrated, famous, well-known

Past Passive Participle

formed from prefix 'vi' + root 'khyā' + suffix '-kta'

Prefix: vi

Root: khyā (class 2)

इक्ष्वाकु (ikṣvāku) - Ikṣvāku (referring to the dynasty of Ikṣvāku)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ikṣvāku

ikṣvāku - name of an ancient king and the dynasty founded by him, particularly associated with Rāma

Note: Used here as an adjective or first part of a compound for 'kulanandanaḥ'.

कुलनन्दनः (kulanandanaḥ) - delight of the family/lineage, joy of the clan

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kulanandana

kulanandana - one who delights his family, joy of the lineage

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kula+nandana)

• kula – family, lineage, clan, race
  noun (neuter)
• nandana – delighting, gladdening; a son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nand (class 1)

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