वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-37, verse-16

अथ काले गते तस्मिञ्ज्येष्ठा पुत्रं व्यजायत ।
असमञ्ज इति ख्यातं केशिनी सगरात्मजम् ॥१६॥

16. atha kāle gate tasmiñjyeṣṭhā putraṃ vyajāyata ,
asamañja iti khyātaṃ keśinī sagarātmajam.

16. atha kāle gate tasmin jyeṣṭhā putraṃ vyajāyata
asamañjaḥ iti khyātaṃ keśinī sagarātmajam

16. atha tasmin kāle gate jyeṣṭhā keśinī sagarātmajam
putraṃ asamañjaḥ iti khyātaṃ vyajāyata

16. Then, after that period had elapsed, the eldest wife, Keshini, gave birth to a son of Sagara, who was known as Asamañja.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• काले (kāle) - after the specified period (in time, at the proper time, during the time)

• गते (gate) - gone, passed, elapsed

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that, at that

• ज्येष्ठा (jyeṣṭhā) - the eldest wife (of Sagara) (the eldest, the senior, the best)

• पुत्रं (putraṁ) - son

• व्यजायत (vyajāyata) - gave birth, produced

• असमञ्जः (asamañjaḥ) - Asamañja (proper name)

• इति (iti) - used to introduce a name or direct speech (thus, so, in this way)

• ख्यातं (khyātaṁ) - known, famous, celebrated

• केशिनी (keśinī) - Keshini (proper name)

• सगरात्मजम् (sagarātmajam) - son of Sagara

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

काले (kāle) - after the specified period (in time, at the proper time, during the time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, duration

गते (gate) - gone, passed, elapsed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, passed, departed, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam- (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kāle

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that, at that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with kāle

ज्येष्ठा (jyeṣṭhā) - the eldest wife (of Sagara) (the eldest, the senior, the best)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jyeṣṭhā

jyeṣṭhā - eldest, foremost, best (feminine form)

Superlative of vṛddha (old/grown)

Note: Used here as a noun referring to the eldest wife

पुत्रं (putraṁ) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

व्यजायत (vyajāyata) - gave birth, produced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of jan

Imperfect, ātmanepada (middle voice)

3rd person singular, imperfect tense

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: jan (class 4)

असमञ्जः (asamañjaḥ) - Asamañja (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asamañja

asamañja - Asamañja (a proper noun, name of Sagara's son)

इति (iti) - used to introduce a name or direct speech (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

ख्यातं (khyātaṁ) - known, famous, celebrated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, spoken of, called

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root khyā- (to tell, to be known)

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with putram

केशिनी (keśinī) - Keshini (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of keśinī

keśinī - Keshini (proper noun, name of Sagara's eldest wife)

सगरात्मजम् (sagarātmajam) - son of Sagara

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sagarātmaja

sagarātmaja - son of Sagara

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sagara+ātmaja)

• sagara – Sagara (proper name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, daughter, born from oneself
  noun (masculine)
  ātman (self) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with putram

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