वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-10, verse-25

ततः स्वलंकृतं राजा नगरं प्रविवेश ह ।
शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैः पुरस्कृत्य द्विजर्षभम् ॥२५॥

25. tataḥ svalaṃkṛtaṃ rājā nagaraṃ praviveśa ha ,
śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ puraskṛtya dvijarṣabham.

25. tataḥ svalamkṛtam rājā nagaram praviveśa ha
śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ puraskṛtya dvijarṣabham

25. tataḥ rājā puraskṛtya dvijarṣabham
śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ svalamkṛtam nagaram ha praviveśa

25. Then the king entered the well-adorned city, placing the chief of Brahmins in front, amidst the sounds of conches and drums.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• स्वलम्कृतम् (svalamkṛtam) - the city, well-adorned (well-adorned, beautifully decorated)

• राजा (rājā) - King Dasharatha (king)

• नगरम् (nagaram) - Ayodhya (implied) (city, town)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

• शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैः (śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ) - with the sounds of conches and drums

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having made the chief Brahmin go ahead (having placed in front, having honored, having led)

• द्विजर्षभम् (dvijarṣabham) - chief of Brahmins, best among the twice-born

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

स्वलम्कृतम् (svalamkṛtam) - the city, well-adorned (well-adorned, beautifully decorated)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svalamkṛta

svalamkṛta - well-adorned, beautifully decorated

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Derived from root kṛ (to do) with prefix alam (to adorn) and su- (well)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+alaṅkṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• alaṅkṛta – adorned, decorated, ornamented
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) with prefix alam (to adorn)
  Prefix: alam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies `nagaram`.

राजा (rājā) - King Dasharatha (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of `praviveśa`.

नगरम् (nagaram) - Ayodhya (implied) (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Object of `praviveśa`.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of praviš

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: An expletive particle.

शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैः (śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣaiḥ) - with the sounds of conches and drums

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣa

śaṅkhadundubhinirghoṣa - sound of conches and drums

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (śaṅkha+dundubhi+nirghoṣa)

• śaṅkha – conch, conch-shell
  noun (masculine)
• dundubhi – drum, war-drum
  noun (masculine)
• nirghoṣa – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ghuṣ (to sound) with prefix nir-
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the accompaniment or manner of entry.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having made the chief Brahmin go ahead (having placed in front, having honored, having led)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Derived from root kṛ (to do) with prefix puras-

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

द्विजर्षभम् (dvijarṣabham) - chief of Brahmins, best among the twice-born

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvijarṣabha

dvijarṣabha - chief of Brahmins, best among the twice-born

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+ṛṣabha)

• dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root jan (to be born) with prefix dvi-
  Prefix: dvi
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `puraskṛtya`.

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