महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-79, verse-11

धेनुं सवत्सां कपिलां भूरिशृङ्गां कांस्योपदोहां वसनोत्तरीयाम् ।
प्रदाय तां गाहति दुर्विगाह्यां याम्यां सभां वीतभयो मनुष्यः ॥११॥

11. dhenuṁ savatsāṁ kapilāṁ bhūriśṛṅgāṁ; kāṁsyopadohāṁ vasanottarīyām ,
pradāya tāṁ gāhati durvigāhyāṁ; yāmyāṁ sabhāṁ vītabhayo manuṣyaḥ.

11. dhenum savatsām kapilām bhūriśṛṅgām
kāṃsyopadohām vasanottarīyām
| pradāya tām gāhati durvigāhyām
yāmyām sabhām vītabhayaḥ manuṣyaḥ

11. manuṣyaḥ vītabhayaḥ savatsām
kapilām bhūriśṛṅgām kāṃsyopadohām
vasanottarīyām dhenum tām pradāya
durvigāhyām yāmyām sabhām gāhati

11. A man, free from fear, by offering a tawny cow along with her calf, possessing ample horns, whose milk is drawn into a bronze vessel, and who is adorned with a cloth and an upper garment, enters Yama's assembly (yāmyām sabhām), which is otherwise difficult to access.

Words meanings summery:

• धेनुम् (dhenum) - a cow (as the object of donation) (cow)

• सवत्साम् (savatsām) - a cow accompanied by her calf (with her calf)

• कपिलाम् (kapilām) - a cow of tawny color, considered auspicious for donations (tawny, reddish-brown)

• भूरिशृङ्गाम् (bhūriśṛṅgām) - a cow with prominent or large horns (having many horns, having ample horns)

• कांस्योपदोहाम् (kāṁsyopadohām) - a cow whose milk is collected in a bronze pot, signifying its purity and value (whose milking is done into a bronze vessel)

• वसनोत्तरीयाम् (vasanottarīyām) - a cow decorated with fine cloths, indicating respectful offering (clothed with an upper garment, adorned with a cloth and upper garment)

• प्रदाय (pradāya) - the action of presenting the described cow (having given, by offering)

• ताम् (tām) - referring to the cow described by the preceding adjectives (that, her)

• गाहति (gāhati) - enters without hindrance (plunges, enters)

• दुर्विगाह्याम् (durvigāhyām) - Yama's assembly, which is normally hard to reach (difficult to enter, inaccessible)

• याम्याम् (yāmyām) - the assembly presided over by Yama, the god of death (relating to Yama, belonging to Yama)

• सभाम् (sabhām) - the divine court or assembly of Yama (assembly, council, court)

• वीतभयः (vītabhayaḥ) - the man who has no fear of Yama due to his meritorious deed (fearless, free from fear)

• मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - the individual performing the meritorious act (man, human being)

Words meanings and morphology

धेनुम् (dhenum) - a cow (as the object of donation) (cow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhenu

dhenu - cow, milch cow, earth, speech

सवत्साम् (savatsām) - a cow accompanied by her calf (with her calf)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of savatsā

savatsā - having a calf, with a calf

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+vatsā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• vatsā – a female calf, a cow
  noun (feminine)

कपिलाम् (kapilām) - a cow of tawny color, considered auspicious for donations (tawny, reddish-brown)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kapilā

kapilā - tawny, reddish-brown (color); a tawny cow

भूरिशृङ्गाम् (bhūriśṛṅgām) - a cow with prominent or large horns (having many horns, having ample horns)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūriśṛṅgā

bhūriśṛṅgā - having many horns, having large horns

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhūri+śṛṅga)

• bhūri – much, many, abundant, ample
  adjective
• śṛṅga – horn, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

कांस्योपदोहाम् (kāṁsyopadohām) - a cow whose milk is collected in a bronze pot, signifying its purity and value (whose milking is done into a bronze vessel)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāṃsyopadohā

kāṁsyopadohā - whose milking vessel is of bronze

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kāṃsya+upadohā)

• kāṃsya – bronze, bell-metal
  noun (neuter)
• upadohā – milking, the act of milking; milking vessel
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: duh (class 2)

वसनोत्तरीयाम् (vasanottarīyām) - a cow decorated with fine cloths, indicating respectful offering (clothed with an upper garment, adorned with a cloth and upper garment)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vasanottarīyā

vasanottarīyā - clothed with an upper garment

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vasana+uttarīya)

• vasana – garment, cloth, apparel
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vas (class 2)
• uttarīya – an upper garment, shawl
  noun (neuter)

प्रदाय (pradāya) - the action of presenting the described cow (having given, by offering)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root dā (to give) with prefix pra, forming an absolutive.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

ताम् (tām) - referring to the cow described by the preceding adjectives (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

गाहति (gāhati) - enters without hindrance (plunges, enters)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of gāh

Root: gāh (class 1)

दुर्विगाह्याम् (durvigāhyām) - Yama's assembly, which is normally hard to reach (difficult to enter, inaccessible)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durvigāhyā

durvigāhyā - difficult to enter, inaccessible, impenetrable

gerundive

From root gāh (to plunge/enter) with prefixes dur and vi, forming a gerundive (potential passive participle).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+vigāhyā)

• dur – difficult, bad, ill
  indeclinable
• vigāhyā – to be entered, to be plunged into
  adjective (feminine)
  gerundive
  From root gāh with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: gāh (class 1)

याम्याम् (yāmyām) - the assembly presided over by Yama, the god of death (relating to Yama, belonging to Yama)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yāmyā

yāmyā - relating to Yama, southern, of the south

सभाम् (sabhām) - the divine court or assembly of Yama (assembly, council, court)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, meeting hall, court of justice

वीतभयः (vītabhayaḥ) - the man who has no fear of Yama due to his meritorious deed (fearless, free from fear)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vītabhaya

vītabhaya - fearless, free from fear, one whose fear has passed away

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vīta+bhaya)

• vīta – gone, departed, passed away
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)
• bhaya – fear, alarm, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - the individual performing the meritorious act (man, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, a descendant of Manu

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