महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-8

सर्वकामैः स यजते यस्तिलैर्यजते पितॄन् ।
न चाकामेन दातव्यं तिलश्राद्धं कथंचन ॥८॥

8. sarvakāmaiḥ sa yajate yastilairyajate pitṝn ,
na cākāmena dātavyaṁ tilaśrāddhaṁ kathaṁcana.

8. sarvakāmaiḥ saḥ yajate yaḥ tilaiḥ yajate pitṝn
na ca akāmena dātavyam tilaśrāddham kathaṃcana

8. yaḥ tilaiḥ pitṝn yajate,
saḥ sarvakāmaiḥ yajate.
ca tilaśrāddham akāmena kathaṃcana na dātavyam

8. He who performs a Vedic ritual (yajña) for the ancestors (pitṛs) with sesame seeds attains all his desires. Moreover, a sesame seed (śrāddha) ritual should never be performed unwillingly.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वकामैः (sarvakāmaiḥ) - with all desires, with all wishes

• सः (saḥ) - he

• यजते (yajate) - performs a Vedic ritual, worships

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तिलैः (tilaiḥ) - with sesame seeds

• यजते (yajate) - performs a Vedic ritual, worships

• पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, fathers

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अकामेन (akāmena) - unwillingly, without desire

• दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - to be given, should be given

• तिलश्राद्धम् (tilaśrāddham) - śrāddha ritual with sesame seeds

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means, ever, under any circumstances

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वकामैः (sarvakāmaiḥ) - with all desires, with all wishes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvakāma

sarvakāma - all desires, all wishes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+kāma)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, that

यजते (yajate) - performs a Vedic ritual, worships

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yaj

Root: yaj (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

तिलैः (tilaiḥ) - with sesame seeds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tila

tila - sesame seed

यजते (yajate) - performs a Vedic ritual, worships

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yaj

Root: yaj (class 1)

पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, fathers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अकामेन (akāmena) - unwillingly, without desire

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akāma

akāma - without desire, unwilling

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kāma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'unwillingly'.

दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - to be given, should be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dātavya

dātavya - to be given, suitable for giving

Gerundive

suffix 'tavya' from root 'dā'

Root: dā (class 3)

तिलश्राद्धम् (tilaśrāddham) - śrāddha ritual with sesame seeds

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tilaśrāddha

tilaśrāddha - a śrāddha ceremony performed with sesame seeds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tila+śrāddha)

• tila – sesame seed
  noun (masculine)
• śrāddha – a funeral rite, obsequies
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'dātavyam'.

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means, ever, under any circumstances

(indeclinable)

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