महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-59

अर्चयित्वा यथान्यायं देवेभ्योऽन्नं निवेदयेत् ।
यदन्नो हि नरो राजंस्तदन्नास्तस्य देवताः ॥५९॥

59. arcayitvā yathānyāyaṁ devebhyo'nnaṁ nivedayet ,
yadanno hi naro rājaṁstadannāstasya devatāḥ.

59. arcayitvā yathānyāyam devebhyaḥ annam nivedayet
yatannaḥ hi naraḥ rājan tadannāḥ tasya devatāḥ

59. rājan yathānyāyam arcayitvā devebhyaḥ annam
nivedayet hi yatannaḥ naraḥ tasya devatāḥ tadannāḥ

59. O king, after having worshipped according to proper procedure, one should offer food to the deities. Indeed, whatever a man consumes as food, the same becomes the food for his deities.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्चयित्वा (arcayitvā) - having worshipped, after worshipping

• यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - according to justice, properly, in a just manner

• देवेभ्यः (devebhyaḥ) - to the gods, for the gods

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

• निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - one should offer, one should present, one should report

• यतन्नः (yatannaḥ) - whose food is, whose sustenance is

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तदन्नाः (tadannāḥ) - whose food is that, having that as food

• तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of him

• देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities, gods

Words meanings and morphology

अर्चयित्वा (arcayitvā) - having worshipped, after worshipping

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root `arc` with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: arc (class 1)

यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - according to justice, properly, in a just manner

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound of `yathā` and `nyāya`.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• nyāya – justice, rule, method, propriety
  noun (masculine)

देवेभ्यः (devebhyaḥ) - to the gods, for the gods

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, cooked rice, sustenance

Past Passive Participle

From root `ad` (to eat) + `kta` suffix, modified.

Root: ad (class 2)

निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - one should offer, one should present, one should report

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of niveday

Causative from `niveda` (from `ni` + `vid`).

Formed from prefix `ni` + root `vid` (to know), causative stem.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)

यतन्नः (yatannaḥ) - whose food is, whose sustenance is

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatanna

yatanna - whose food is (that), having food (of that kind)

Bahuvrīhi compound: `yat` (what, which) + `anna` (food).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yat+anna)

• yat – which, what
  pronoun (neuter)
• anna – food, cooked rice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `ad` (to eat) + `kta` suffix.
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `naraḥ`.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Particle

नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

तदन्नाः (tadannāḥ) - whose food is that, having that as food

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tadanna

tadanna - whose food is that, having that as food

Bahuvrīhi compound: `tat` (that) + `anna` (food).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tat+anna)

• tat – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• anna – food, cooked rice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `ad` (to eat) + `kta` suffix.
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `devatāḥ`.

तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tat

tat - that, it, he, she

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `naraḥ`.

देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities, gods

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of devatā

devatā - deity, divinity, godhead

From `deva` + suffix `-tā` (abstract noun).

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