महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-56

न हिरण्यैर्न वासोभिर्नाश्वदानेन भारत ।
प्राप्नुवन्ति नराः श्रेयो यथेहान्नप्रदाः प्रभो ॥५६॥

56. na hiraṇyairna vāsobhirnāśvadānena bhārata ,
prāpnuvanti narāḥ śreyo yathehānnapradāḥ prabho.

56. na hiraṇyaiḥ na vāsobhiḥ na aśvadānena bhārata
prāpnuvanti narāḥ śreyaḥ yathā iha annapradāḥ prabho

56. bhārata prabho narāḥ hiraṇyaiḥ na vāsobhiḥ na
aśvadānena na śreyaḥ prāpnuvanti yathā iha annapradāḥ

56. O Bhārata, O lord, people do not attain the ultimate good by means of gold, nor garments, nor by giving horses, in the way that givers of food do in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, nor (not, no, nor)

• हिरण्यैः (hiraṇyaiḥ) - by means of gold (by gold, with gold)

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• वासोभिः (vāsobhiḥ) - by means of garments (by garments, with clothes)

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• अश्वदानेन (aśvadānena) - by means of giving horses (by the gift of horses, by giving horses)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing the listener, e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - they attain (the ultimate good) (they obtain, they reach, they attain)

• नराः (narāḥ) - people (in general) (men, people)

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - the ultimate good or supreme merit (welfare, good, ultimate good, supreme merit)

• यथा (yathā) - in the way that (as, just as, in what way)

• इह (iha) - in this world (referring to earthly existence) (here, in this world)

• अन्नप्रदाः (annapradāḥ) - those who give food (givers of food)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O lord (addressing the listener) (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

हिरण्यैः (hiraṇyaiḥ) - by means of gold (by gold, with gold)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of hiraṇya

hiraṇya - gold, wealth, money

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

वासोभिः (vāsobhiḥ) - by means of garments (by garments, with clothes)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vāsas

vāsas - garment, clothes, dwelling

Root: vas

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अश्वदानेन (aśvadānena) - by means of giving horses (by the gift of horses, by giving horses)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of aśvadāna

aśvadāna - gift of horses

Compound: aśva (horse) + dāna (gift).

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśva+dāna)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• dāna – gift, giving, liberality
  noun (neuter)
  From root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing the listener, e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to India, Indian

Patronymic from Bharata.

प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - they attain (the ultimate good) (they obtain, they reach, they attain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of prā-āp

Present active 3rd plural

From root āp with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

नराः (narāḥ) - people (in general) (men, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Note: Subject of prāpnuvanti.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - the ultimate good or supreme merit (welfare, good, ultimate good, supreme merit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, prosperity, ultimate good, supreme merit, better

Comparative form of śrī (good fortune) or praśasya (excellent).

Note: Object of prāpnuvanti.

यथा (yathā) - in the way that (as, just as, in what way)

(indeclinable)

Relative adverb.

इह (iha) - in this world (referring to earthly existence) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb.

अन्नप्रदाः (annapradāḥ) - those who give food (givers of food)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of annaprada

annaprada - giver of food, provider of sustenance

Compound: anna (food) + prada (giver).

Compound type : tatpurusha (anna+prada)

• anna – food, sustenance
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ad (to eat) + -na suffix.
  Root: ad (class 2)
• prada – giver, bestower
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From pra-dā (to give, bestow)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject implied for 'obtain' in this part of the comparison.

प्रभो (prabho) - O lord (addressing the listener) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, mighty, able

Derived from pra-bhū (to be, to be powerful).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse