महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-54

अन्नदानं प्रधानं हि कौन्तेय परिचक्षते ।
अन्नस्य हि प्रदानेन रन्तिदेवो दिवं गतः ॥५४॥

54. annadānaṁ pradhānaṁ hi kaunteya paricakṣate ,
annasya hi pradānena rantidevo divaṁ gataḥ.

54. annadānam pradhānam hi kaunteya paricakṣate
annasya hi pradānena rantidevaḥ divam gataḥ

54. kaunteya annadānam hi pradhānam paricakṣate
hi annasya pradānena rantidevaḥ divam gataḥ

54. The gift (dāna) of food is indeed declared paramount, O son of Kuntī. For it is by the gift of food that Rantideva went to heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्नदानम् (annadānam) - gift of food, donation of food

• प्रधानम् (pradhānam) - principal, chief, paramount, most important

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kuntī

• परिचक्षते (paricakṣate) - they declare, they proclaim, they say

• अन्नस्य (annasya) - of food

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• प्रदानेन (pradānena) - by the giving, by the donation, by the gift

• रन्तिदेवः (rantidevaḥ) - Rantideva (a mythical king renowned for his generosity)

• दिवम् (divam) - to heaven, sky

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, gone to, attained

Words meanings and morphology

अन्नदानम् (annadānam) - gift of food, donation of food

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of annadāna

annadāna - gift of food, donation of food

Compound type : tatpurusha (anna+dāna)

• anna – food, grain
  noun (neuter)
  from √ad (to eat)
  Root: ad (class 2)
• dāna – gift, donation, giving
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  from √dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

प्रधानम् (pradhānam) - principal, chief, paramount, most important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pradhāna

pradhāna - principal, chief, foremost, paramount, important thing

Prefix: pra

Root: dhā (class 3)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kuntī

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

patronymic from Kuntī

परिचक्षते (paricakṣate) - they declare, they proclaim, they say

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of paricakṣ

Prefix: pari

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

अन्नस्य (annasya) - of food

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain

from √ad (to eat)

Root: ad (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

प्रदानेन (pradānena) - by the giving, by the donation, by the gift

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pradāna

pradāna - gift, donation, giving away, presenting

verbal noun

from pra-dā (to give)

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

रन्तिदेवः (rantidevaḥ) - Rantideva (a mythical king renowned for his generosity)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rantideva

rantideva - Rantideva (name of a legendary king famous for his generosity)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ranti+deva)

• ranti – joy, pleasure, sport
  noun (feminine)
• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)

दिवम् (divam) - to heaven, sky

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, day

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, gone to, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, attained

Past Passive Participle

from √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: often functions as an active past tense

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