महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-50

ददाति तादृशानां वै नरो गाः पापकर्मणाम् ।
अक्षयं नरकं यातीत्येवमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥५०॥

50. dadāti tādṛśānāṁ vai naro gāḥ pāpakarmaṇām ,
akṣayaṁ narakaṁ yātītyevamāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ.

50. dadāti tādṛśānām vai naraḥ gāḥ pāpakarmaṇām |
akṣayam narakam yāti iti evam āhuḥ manīṣiṇaḥ

50. vai naraḥ tādṛśānām pāpakarmaṇām gāḥ dadāti
akṣayam narakam yāti iti evam manīṣiṇaḥ āhuḥ

50. Indeed, a man who donates cows to such sinful individuals (referring to the types mentioned previously) goes to an imperishable hell (naraka) – this is what the wise (manīṣin) declare.

Words meanings summery:

• ददाति (dadāti) - gives, donates

• तादृशानाम् (tādṛśānām) - to such individuals (miser, atheist, cow-profiteer) (to such, of such persons, to those of that kind)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly, surely

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

• पापकर्मणाम् (pāpakarmaṇām) - to evil-doers, of those with sinful actions

• अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, eternal, everlasting

• नरकम् (narakam) - hell, a place of torment

• याति (yāti) - goes, attains, reaches

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this way

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise, the sagacious, thinkers

Words meanings and morphology

ददाति (dadāti) - gives, donates

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of dā

Present Active

Root: dā (class 3)

तादृशानाम् (tādṛśānām) - to such individuals (miser, atheist, cow-profiteer) (to such, of such persons, to those of that kind)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, of that kind, similar to that

From tad + dṛś suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used here like a noun, indicating the recipients.

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of the sentence.

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, bull, ox, earth, ray of light

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of dadāti.

पापकर्मणाम् (pāpakarmaṇām) - to evil-doers, of those with sinful actions

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāpakarmaṇ

pāpakarmaṇ - having sinful actions, wicked, evil-doer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+karman)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked, bad
  noun (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work, ritual, fate
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ 'to do'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjectival use, agreeing with and qualifying tādṛśānām.

अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, eternal, everlasting

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, inexhaustible, eternal, undecaying

a (not) + kṣaya (decay, destruction).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kṣaya – decay, destruction, loss, end
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi 'to destroy, to decay'
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

नरकम् (narakam) - hell, a place of torment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, the infernal regions, place of punishment

याति (yāti) - goes, attains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of yā

Present Active

Root: yā (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used with iti to emphasize.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lit) of brū

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect form, functions as present. Also root ah is listed as alternative for this form.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The perfect (lit) āhuḥ often functions as a present tense.

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise, the sagacious, thinkers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, sagacious, intelligent; a sage, a wise person

From manīṣā (intellect, wisdom).

Root: man (class 4)

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