महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-51

न कृशां पापवत्सां वा वन्ध्यां रोगान्वितां तथा ।
न व्यङ्गां न परिश्रान्तां दद्याद्गां ब्राह्मणाय वै ॥५१॥

51. na kṛśāṁ pāpavatsāṁ vā vandhyāṁ rogānvitāṁ tathā ,
na vyaṅgāṁ na pariśrāntāṁ dadyādgāṁ brāhmaṇāya vai.

51. na kṛśām pāpavatsām vā vandhyām rogānvitām tathā na
vyaṅgām na pariśrāntām dadyāt gām brāhmaṇāya vai

51. vai brāhmaṇāya gām kṛśām vā pāpavatsām vā vandhyām
vā rogānvitām vā vyaṅgām vā pariśrāntām na dadyāt

51. One should indeed not give to a Brahmin a cow that is emaciated, or has a bad calf, or is barren, or afflicted with disease. Likewise, one should not give a deformed or an exhausted cow.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• कृशाम् (kṛśām) - emaciated, lean, thin

• पापवत्साम् (pāpavatsām) - having a bad calf, having a calf with bad qualities

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• वन्ध्याम् (vandhyām) - barren, sterile

• रोगान्विताम् (rogānvitām) - afflicted with disease, diseased

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, and, thus

• न (na) - not, no

• व्यङ्गाम् (vyaṅgām) - deformed, crippled, maimed

• न (na) - not, no

• परिश्रान्ताम् (pariśrāntām) - exhausted, very tired, overworked

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give, should offer

• गाम् (gām) - cow

• ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a Brahmin

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कृशाम् (kṛśām) - emaciated, lean, thin

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛśa

kṛśa - emaciated, lean, thin, feeble

पापवत्साम् (pāpavatsām) - having a bad calf, having a calf with bad qualities

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāpavatsā

pāpavatsā - having a bad calf, having an inauspicious calf

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pāpa+vatsa)

• pāpa – evil, bad, wicked, sin
  noun (neuter)
• vatsa – calf, offspring, year
  noun (masculine)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

वन्ध्याम् (vandhyām) - barren, sterile

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vandhyā

vandhyā - barren, sterile (especially a cow or woman)

रोगान्विताम् (rogānvitām) - afflicted with disease, diseased

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rogānvita

rogānvita - afflicted with disease, diseased

Compound type : tatpurusha (roga+anvita)

• roga – disease, sickness
  noun (masculine)
• anvita – accompanied by, connected with, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from anu-i (to go after)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, and, thus

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

व्यङ्गाम् (vyaṅgām) - deformed, crippled, maimed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyaṅgā

vyaṅga - deformed, crippled, maimed, without a limb

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

परिश्रान्ताम् (pariśrāntām) - exhausted, very tired, overworked

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pariśrānta

pariśrānta - exhausted, very tired, fatigued, overworked

Past Passive Participle

from pari-śram (to exert oneself, be weary)

Prefix: pari

Root: śram (class 4)

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give, should offer

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

गाम् (gām) - cow

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a Brahmin

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

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