महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-65, verse-18

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देवा ऊचुः ।
भगवंस्त्वं प्रभुर्भूमेः सर्वस्य त्रिदिवस्य च ।
यजेमहि महाभाग यज्ञं भवदनुज्ञया ।
नाननुज्ञातभूमिर्हि यज्ञस्य फलमश्नुते ॥१८॥

18. devā ūcuḥ ,
bhagavaṁstvaṁ prabhurbhūmeḥ sarvasya tridivasya ca ,
yajemahi mahābhāga yajñaṁ bhavadanujñayā ,
nānanujñātabhūmirhi yajñasya phalamaśnute.

18. devāḥ ūcuḥ | bhagavan tvam prabhuḥ bhūmeḥ
sarvasya tridivasya ca | yajemahe
mahābhāga yajñam bhavat anujñayā | na
ananujñātabhūmiḥ hi yajñasya phalam aśnute

18. The gods said: 'O Lord (bhagavat), you are indeed the master of the earth and all of heaven. O greatly fortunate one, let us perform the Vedic ritual (yajña) with your permission. For, a person performing a Vedic ritual (yajña) on unpermitted land does not truly reap its fruit.'

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

देवाः (devāḥ) - The celestial beings who are the speakers in this verse. (the gods, the deities)

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - Introduces the direct speech of the gods. (they said, they spoke)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - A respectful address to Brahmā, acknowledging his divine and glorious status (bhagavat). (O Lord, O venerable one)

त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to Brahmā, the recipient of the gods' address. (you)

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - Emphasizes Brahmā's ultimate authority and ownership over all realms. (master, lord, ruler)

भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - Refers to the earthly realm over which Brahmā has mastery. (of the earth, belonging to the earth)

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - Emphasizes the totality of heaven over which Brahmā presides. (of all, of the whole)

त्रिदिवस्य (tridivasya) - Refers to the celestial realm as Brahmā's domain. (of heaven, of the three heavens)

च (ca) - Connects 'bhūmeḥ' (earth) and 'tridivasya' (heaven). (and, also)

यजेमहे (yajemahe) - The gods' expressed wish to perform a ritual, indicating a desire for a collective sacred action. (let us perform a Vedic ritual, let us worship, let us offer)

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - Another respectful address to Brahmā, acknowledging his immense spiritual fortune or eminence. (O greatly fortunate one, O highly revered one)

यज्ञम् (yajñam) - The specific ritual (yajña) that the gods wish to perform, implying its sacred nature and purpose. (a Vedic ritual, an offering)

भवत् (bhavat) - Refers to Brahmā, indicating that permission is sought from him. (your, by you (respectful form))

अनुज्ञया (anujñayā) - The means by which the gods seek to ensure the validity and efficacy of their ritual. (by permission, by consent, by sanction)

न (na) - Negates the consequence of performing a ritual on unauthorized land. (not, no)

अननुज्ञातभूमिः (ananujñātabhūmiḥ) - Land on which a ritual is performed without proper sanction, implying it will be ineffective. (unpermitted land, unauthorized ground)

हि (hi) - Provides the reason or justification for the gods' request for permission. (for, indeed, because, surely)

यज्ञस्य (yajñasya) - The benefits or consequences that result from performing a Vedic ritual (yajña). (of the Vedic ritual)

फलम् (phalam) - The desired beneficial outcome or merit gained from a properly performed ritual. (fruit, result, consequence, reward)

अश्नुते (aśnute) - To acquire or experience the benefits of the ritual; in this context, the failure to do so. (obtains, reaches, enjoys, receives)

Words meanings and morphology

देवाः (devāḥ) - The celestial beings who are the speakers in this verse. (the gods, the deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - Introduces the direct speech of the gods. (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Root of class 2 (adādivarga)

Root: vac (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - A respectful address to Brahmā, acknowledging his divine and glorious status (bhagavat). (O Lord, O venerable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - possessing fortune, glorious, divine, venerable, Lord (epithet for gods like Viṣṇu, Śiva, Brahmā)

त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to Brahmā, the recipient of the gods' address. (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asi' (are).

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - Emphasizes Brahmā's ultimate authority and ownership over all realms. (master, lord, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - master, lord, ruler, powerful, capable

Derived from root bhū (to be) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'tvam'.

भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - Refers to the earthly realm over which Brahmā has mastery. (of the earth, belonging to the earth)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Note: Possessive modifier for 'prabhuḥ'.

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - Emphasizes the totality of heaven over which Brahmā presides. (of all, of the whole)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'tridivasya'.

त्रिदिवस्य (tridivasya) - Refers to the celestial realm as Brahmā's domain. (of heaven, of the three heavens)

(compound noun)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi/dvigu (tri+div)

tri – three
numeral
div – heaven, sky, day
noun (feminine)

Note: Possessive modifier for 'prabhuḥ' (implied).

च (ca) - Connects 'bhūmeḥ' (earth) and 'tridivasya' (heaven). (and, also)

(indeclinable)

यजेमहे (yajemahe) - The gods' expressed wish to perform a ritual, indicating a desire for a collective sacred action. (let us perform a Vedic ritual, let us worship, let us offer)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of yaj

Root of class 1 (bhvādivarga)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Middle voice form expressing a wish or intention for oneself/group.

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - Another respectful address to Brahmā, acknowledging his immense spiritual fortune or eminence. (O greatly fortunate one, O highly revered one)

(compound noun)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bhāga)

mahat – great, large, mighty
adjective
bhāga – share, fortune, lot, destiny
noun (masculine)

यज्ञम् (yajñam) - The specific ritual (yajña) that the gods wish to perform, implying its sacred nature and purpose. (a Vedic ritual, an offering)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, offering, worship

Derived from root yaj (to worship)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'yajemahe'.

भवत् (bhavat) - Refers to Brahmā, indicating that permission is sought from him. (your, by you (respectful form))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your, respectful address (sir, lord), being, existing

Note: Part of the compound 'bhavadanujñayā'.

अनुज्ञया (anujñayā) - The means by which the gods seek to ensure the validity and efficacy of their ritual. (by permission, by consent, by sanction)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of anujñā

anujñā - permission, consent, sanction

Derived from root jñā (to know) with upasarga anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Forms a compound 'bhavadanujñayā' (by your permission), indicating the means.

न (na) - Negates the consequence of performing a ritual on unauthorized land. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अननुज्ञातभूमिः (ananujñātabhūmiḥ) - Land on which a ritual is performed without proper sanction, implying it will be ineffective. (unpermitted land, unauthorized ground)

(compound noun)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ananujñāta+bhūmi)

ananujñāta – unpermitted, unauthorized, unapproved
participle/adjective
Past Passive Participle
Formed by a- (negation) + anujñāta (permitted)
Prefixes: a+anu
Root: jñā (class 9)
bhūmi – earth, ground, land, soil
noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'aśnute'.

हि (hi) - Provides the reason or justification for the gods' request for permission. (for, indeed, because, surely)

(indeclinable)

यज्ञस्य (yajñasya) - The benefits or consequences that result from performing a Vedic ritual (yajña). (of the Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, offering, worship

Derived from root yaj (to worship)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'phalam', indicating the source of the fruit.

फलम् (phalam) - The desired beneficial outcome or merit gained from a properly performed ritual. (fruit, result, consequence, reward)

(noun)