महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-45, verse-14

ददाति हि स पिण्डं वै पितुर्मातामहस्य च ।
पुत्रदौहित्रयोर्नेह विशेषो धर्मतः स्मृतः ॥१४॥

14. dadāti hi sa piṇḍaṁ vai piturmātāmahasya ca ,
putradauhitrayorneha viśeṣo dharmataḥ smṛtaḥ.

14. dadāti hi saḥ piṇḍam vai pituḥ mātāmahasya ca |
putradauhitrayoḥ na iha viśeṣaḥ dharmataḥ smṛtaḥ

14. hi saḥ vai pituḥ ca mātāmahasya piṇḍam dadāti
iha putradauhitrayoḥ viśeṣaḥ dharmataḥ na smṛtaḥ

14. For he (the daughter's son) indeed offers the funeral oblation (piṇḍa) to both his father and his maternal grandfather. In this matter, no distinction is declared by natural law (dharma) between a son and a daughter's son.

Words meanings summery:

• ददाति (dadāti) - offers (the piṇḍa) (gives, bestows)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

• सः (saḥ) - he, referring to the daughter's son (dauhitra) (he, that)

• पिण्डम् (piṇḍam) - the funeral oblation (rice ball) offered to ancestors (ball of rice, lump, funeral oblation)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his own father (the son-in-law of the maternal grandfather) (of the father)

• मातामहस्य (mātāmahasya) - of the maternal grandfather

• च (ca) - and

• पुत्रदौहित्रयोः (putradauhitrayoḥ) - of the son and the daughter's son, between the son and the daughter's son

• न (na) - not, no

• इह (iha) - in this matter (of inheritance/ritual rights) (here, in this world, in this matter)

• विशेषः (viśeṣaḥ) - any legal distinction (distinction, difference, peculiarity)

• धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to natural law (dharma) (according to dharma, according to law/duty/nature)

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is declared (as a rule) (remembered, considered, declared, laid down)

Words meanings and morphology

ददाति (dadāti) - offers (the piṇḍa) (gives, bestows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of dā

Present Active

Present 3rd person singular of √dā

Root: dā (class 3)

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, referring to the daughter's son (dauhitra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

पिण्डम् (piṇḍam) - the funeral oblation (rice ball) offered to ancestors (ball of rice, lump, funeral oblation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of piṇḍa

piṇḍa - ball of rice or flour, lump, funeral cake offered to deceased ancestors

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his own father (the son-in-law of the maternal grandfather) (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

मातामहस्य (mātāmahasya) - of the maternal grandfather

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mātāmaha

mātāmaha - maternal grandfather

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुत्रदौहित्रयोः (putradauhitrayoḥ) - of the son and the daughter's son, between the son and the daughter's son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of putradauhitra

putradauhitra - son and daughter's son

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dauhitra)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• dauhitra – daughter's son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Can also be locative dual. Genitive dual used for 'between'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - in this matter (of inheritance/ritual rights) (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

विशेषः (viśeṣaḥ) - any legal distinction (distinction, difference, peculiarity)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśeṣa

viśeṣa - distinction, difference, peculiar mark, characteristic

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to natural law (dharma) (according to dharma, according to law/duty/nature)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas added to 'dharma'

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is declared (as a rule) (remembered, considered, declared, laid down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛ - to remember, to recall

Past Passive Participle

Nominative singular masculine of past passive participle of √smṛ

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Used as a predicate adjective, implying 'is remembered/declared'.

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