योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-19, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
विशिष्टांशसमर्थत्वमुपमानेषु गृह्यते ।
को भेदः सर्वसादृश्ये तूपमानोपमेययोः ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
viśiṣṭāṃśasamarthatvamupamāneṣu gṛhyate ,
ko bhedaḥ sarvasādṛśye tūpamānopameyayoḥ 1

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca viśiṣṭāṃśasamarthatvam upamāneṣu
gṛhyate kaḥ bhedaḥ sarvasādṛśye tu upamānopameyayoḥ

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca upamāneṣu viśiṣṭāṃśasamarthatvam
gṛhyate tu sarvasādṛśye upamānopameyayoḥ kaḥ bhedaḥ

1. Vasiṣṭha said: In analogies, only a specific aspect of comparison is usually considered relevant. But if there were complete similarity, what distinction would remain between the object of comparison and the thing being compared?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (a revered sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विशिष्टांशसमर्थत्वम् (viśiṣṭāṁśasamarthatvam) - the fitness or appropriateness of a specific part or aspect

• उपमानेषु (upamāneṣu) - in/among comparisons, similes, analogies

• गृह्यते (gṛhyate) - is taken, is accepted, is understood

• कः (kaḥ) - what, who

• भेदः (bhedaḥ) - difference, distinction

• सर्वसादृश्ये (sarvasādṛśye) - in/when there is complete similarity

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• उपमानोपमेययोः (upamānopameyayoḥ) - of/between the object of comparison and the thing compared

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (a revered sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - the venerable sage Vasiṣṭha

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – venerable, holy, prosperity
  adjective (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent Vedic sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense form

Perfect (liṭ) 3rd singular active of √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

विशिष्टांशसमर्थत्वम् (viśiṣṭāṁśasamarthatvam) - the fitness or appropriateness of a specific part or aspect

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viśiṣṭāṃśasamarthatva

viśiṣṭāṁśasamarthatva - the state of being fit for a specific part/aspect; fitness of a particular part

Derived from `samartha` (able, fit) + `tva` (suffix for abstract noun), compounded with `viśiṣṭāṃśa` (specific part/aspect).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viśiṣṭāṃśa+samarthatva)

• viśiṣṭāṃśa – specific part, particular aspect
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of viśiṣṭa (special, distinct) and aṃśa (part, portion)
• samarthatva – capability, fitness, appropriateness, ability
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from `samartha` (able, fit) + `tva` (suffix for abstract noun).

उपमानेषु (upamāneṣu) - in/among comparisons, similes, analogies

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of upamāna

upamāna - comparison, simile, analogy, object of comparison (that with which something is compared)

From `upa` + √mā (to measure, compare).

Prefix: upa

Root: mā (class 3)

गृह्यते (gṛhyate) - is taken, is accepted, is understood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of grah

Present passive form

Present (laṭ) 3rd singular passive of √grah (class 9)

Root: grah (class 9)

कः (kaḥ) - what, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun

भेदः (bhedaḥ) - difference, distinction

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bheda

bheda - difference, distinction, division, splitting

From √bhid (to split, separate).

Root: bhid (class 7)

सर्वसादृश्ये (sarvasādṛśye) - in/when there is complete similarity

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sarvasādṛśya

sarvasādṛśya - complete similarity, perfect resemblance

Compound of `sarva` (all, complete) and `sādṛśya` (similarity).

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (sarva+sādṛśya)

• sarva – all, every, complete
  adjective
• sādṛśya – similarity, resemblance
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from `sadṛśa` (like, resembling) with suffix `ya`.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Particle

उपमानोपमेययोः (upamānopameyayoḥ) - of/between the object of comparison and the thing compared

(noun)

Genitive, dual of upamānopameya

upamānopameya - the object of comparison and the thing compared (pair)

Dvandva compound of `upamāna` and `upameya`.

Compound type : dvandva (upamāna+upameya)

• upamāna – comparison, simile, object of comparison (that with which something is compared)
  noun (neuter)
  From `upa` + √mā (to measure, compare).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 3)
• upameya – the thing to be compared, object of comparison (that which is compared)
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Derived from `upa` + √mā, with suffix `ya`.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 3)

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