वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-8, verse-23

ये त्वया निहतास्ते वै पौलस्त्या नाम राक्षसाः ।
सुमाली माल्यवान्माली ये च तेषां पुरःसराः ।
सर्व एते महाभाग रावणाद्बलवत्तराः ॥२३॥

23. ye tvayā nihatāste vai paulastyā nāma rākṣasāḥ ,
sumālī mālyavānmālī ye ca teṣāṃ puraḥsarāḥ ,
sarva ete mahābhāga rāvaṇādbalavattarāḥ.

23. ye tvayā nihatāḥ te vai paulaslyā
nāma rākṣasāḥ sumālī mālyavān mālī
ye ca teṣām puraḥsarāḥ sarve
ete mahābhāga rāvaṇāt balavattarāḥ

23. mahābhāga,
ye paulaslyā nāma rākṣasāḥ sumālī mālyavān mālī ca ye teṣām puraḥsarāḥ tvayā nihatāḥ,
te sarve ete vai rāvaṇāt balavattarāḥ

23. Indeed, those demons named Paulastyas, who were killed by you – Sumālī, Mālyavān, and Mālī, along with their leaders – all these, O greatly fortunate one, were stronger than Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who (referring to the demons) (who, those who)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Rama) (by you)

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed (by you) (killed, struck down)

• ते (te) - those (demons) (those, they)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, verily)

• पौलस्ल्या (paulaslyā) - the demons belonging to the lineage of Pulastya (descendants of Pulastya, belonging to Pulastya)

• नाम (nāma) - named, by name (name, by name, indeed)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons (demons, rākṣasas)

• सुमाली (sumālī) - The demon king Sumālī (Sumālī (a proper name))

• माल्यवान् (mālyavān) - The demon king Mālyavān (Mālyavān (a proper name))

• माली (mālī) - The demon king Mālī (Mālī (a proper name))

• ये (ye) - those who (referring to leaders) (who, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (referring to Sumālī, Mālyavān, Mālī) (of them, their)

• पुरःसराः (puraḥsarāḥ) - leaders (of Sumālī, Mālyavān, Mālī) (leaders, those who go before)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, every)

• एते (ete) - these (referring to all the mentioned demons) (these, they)

• महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O highly esteemed one (addressing Rama) (O greatly fortunate one, O highly esteemed one)

• रावणात् (rāvaṇāt) - than Rāvaṇa (comparison) (from Rāvaṇa, than Rāvaṇa)

• बलवत्तराः (balavattarāḥ) - stronger (than Rāvaṇa) (stronger)

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who (referring to the demons) (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Rama) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed (by you) (killed, struck down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From √han with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used as an adjective here.

ते (te) - those (demons) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for emphasis.

पौलस्ल्या (paulaslyā) - the demons belonging to the lineage of Pulastya (descendants of Pulastya, belonging to Pulastya)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paulastya

paulastya - descendant of Pulastya, belonging to Pulastya

Taddhita formation from Pulastya

Note: Here, used as an adjective modifying rākṣasāḥ.

नाम (nāma) - named, by name (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - demons (demons, rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit

सुमाली (sumālī) - The demon king Sumālī (Sumālī (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumālin

sumālin - name of a rākṣasa

माल्यवान् (mālyavān) - The demon king Mālyavān (Mālyavān (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mālyavat

mālyavat - name of a rākṣasa, garlanded

Possessive suffix -vat

माली (mālī) - The demon king Mālī (Mālī (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mālin

mālin - name of a rākṣasa, garlanded, wearing a garland

ये (ye) - those who (referring to leaders) (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (referring to Sumālī, Mālyavān, Mālī) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

पुरःसराः (puraḥsarāḥ) - leaders (of Sumālī, Mālyavān, Mālī) (leaders, those who go before)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puraḥsara

puraḥsara - going before, preceding, leader, chief

Compound of puras (before) and sara (going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puras+sara)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• sara – going, moving, leading, a leader
  noun (masculine)
  From √sṛ (to go)
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

एते (ete) - these (referring to all the mentioned demons) (these, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these, they

Note: Corresponds to 'te' but for proximate reference.

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O highly esteemed one (addressing Rama) (O greatly fortunate one, O highly esteemed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, highly esteemed, noble

Compound of mahā (great) and bhāga (share, fortune)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or karmadhāraya (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhaj (to divide, share)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Used in the vocative case as an epithet for Rama.

रावणात् (rāvaṇāt) - than Rāvaṇa (comparison) (from Rāvaṇa, than Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name, king of Laṅkā)

Note: Ablative for comparison.

बलवत्तराः (balavattarāḥ) - stronger (than Rāvaṇa) (stronger)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balavattara

balavattara - stronger, more powerful

Comparative degree of balavat (strong), formed with -tara.

Note: Comparative adjective.

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