वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-80, verse-57

स तद्दुरात्मा सुहृदा निवेदितं वचः सुधर्म्यं प्रतिगृह्य रावणः ।
गृहं जगामाथ ततश्च वीर्यवान्पुनः सभां च प्रययौ सुहृद्वृतः ॥५७॥

57. sa taddurātmā suhṛdā niveditaṃ vacaḥ sudharmyaṃ pratigṛhya rāvaṇaḥ ,
gṛhaṃ jagāmātha tataśca vīryavānpunaḥ sabhāṃ ca prayayau suhṛdvṛtaḥ.

57. saḥ tat durātmā suhṛdā niveditam
vacaḥ su-dharmyam pratigṛhya rāvaṇaḥ
gṛham jagāma atha tataḥ ca vīryavān
punaḥ sabhām ca prayayau suhṛt-vṛtaḥ

57. saḥ durātmā rāvaṇaḥ suhṛdā niveditam tat su-dharmyam vacaḥ pratigṛhya gṛham jagāma.
atha tataḥ ca vīryavān punaḥ ca suhṛt-vṛtaḥ sabhām prayayau.

57. Having accepted those very righteous words conveyed by his friend, the wicked-souled Rāvaṇa went to his home. And then, the powerful one again proceeded to the assembly hall, surrounded by his friends.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तत् (tat) - that (neuter)

• दुरात्मा (durātmā) - wicked-souled, evil-minded

• सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by a friend

• निवेदितम् (niveditam) - informed, reported, conveyed

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, statement

• सु-धर्म्यम् (su-dharmyam) - very righteous, very proper

• प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having accepted, having received

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

• गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, afterwards

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from there, afterwards

• च (ca) - and, also

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valiant, heroic

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly, court, hall

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - went forth, proceeded

• सुहृत्-वृतः (suhṛt-vṛtaḥ) - surrounded by friends

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that (neuter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

दुरात्मा (durātmā) - wicked-souled, evil-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - wicked-souled, evil-minded, villainous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by a friend

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  prefix
• hṛd – heart
  noun (neuter)

निवेदितम् (niveditam) - informed, reported, conveyed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nivedita

nivedita - made known, announced, reported

Past Passive Participle

From √vid with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 6)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

सु-धर्म्यम् (su-dharmyam) - very righteous, very proper

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of su-dharmya

su-dharmya - very proper, very righteous, according to (natural) law (dharma)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dharmya)

• su – good, very
  indeclinable
  prefix
• dharmya – righteous, lawful, proper
  adjective (neuter)
  from dharma

प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having accepted, having received

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From √grah with upasarga prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Lankā)

गृहम् (gṛham) - home, house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

perfect tense

Root √gam, perfect 3rd person singular active

Root: gam (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, afterwards

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from there, afterwards

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valiant, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valiant, heroic, possessing strength

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly, court, hall

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, court, meeting hall

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रययौ (prayayau) - went forth, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-yā

perfect tense

Root √yā with upasarga pra-, perfect 3rd person singular active

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

सुहृत्-वृतः (suhṛt-vṛtaḥ) - surrounded by friends

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suhṛt-vṛta

suhṛt-vṛta - surrounded by friends, encompassed by well-wishers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suhṛd+vṛta)

• suhṛd – friend, well-wisher
  noun (masculine)
• vṛta – surrounded, encompassed, covered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vṛ (to cover, enclose)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

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