वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-115, verse-10

ततो यानान्युपारूढाः सर्वा दशरथस्त्रियः ।
कौसल्यां प्रमुखे कृत्वा सुमित्रां चापि निर्ययुः ॥१०॥

10. tato yānānyupārūḍhāḥ sarvā daśarathastriyaḥ ,
kausalyāṃ pramukhe kṛtvā sumitrāṃ cāpi niryayuḥ.

10. tataḥ yānāni upārūḍhāḥ sarvāḥ daśarathastriyaḥ
kausalyām pramukhe kṛtvā sumitrām ca api niryayuḥ

10. tataḥ daśarathastriyaḥ sarvāḥ kausalyām pramukhe
kṛtvā sumitrām ca api yānāni upārūḍhāḥ niryayuḥ

10. Then, all the wives of King Daśaratha, placing Kausalyā at the forefront and also Sumitrā, mounted their conveyances and departed.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• यानानि (yānāni) - conveyances, vehicles

• उपारूढाः (upārūḍhāḥ) - having mounted (the conveyances) (ascended, mounted)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (the wives) (all, every)

• दशरथस्त्रियः (daśarathastriyaḥ) - the wives of Daśaratha

• कौसल्याम् (kausalyām) - Kausalyā

• प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - as the chief (leader) (at the forefront, in front)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (at the forefront) (having done, having made)

• सुमित्राम् (sumitrām) - Sumitrā

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they departed, went out

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Avyaya from tad.

यानानि (yānāni) - conveyances, vehicles

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of yāna

yāna - going, moving, vehicle, conveyance

From root yā (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'upārūḍhāḥ' (having mounted upon).

उपारूढाः (upārūḍhāḥ) - having mounted (the conveyances) (ascended, mounted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of upārūḍha

upārūḍha - mounted, ascended, arrived at

Past Passive Participle

From root ruh (to ascend) with prefixes upa-ā.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'daśarathastriyaḥ'.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (the wives) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'daśarathastriyaḥ'.

दशरथस्त्रियः (daśarathastriyaḥ) - the wives of Daśaratha

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of daśarathastrī

daśarathastrī - wife of Daśaratha

Compound of Daśaratha (proper noun) and strī (wife).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (daśaratha+strī)

• daśaratha – Daśaratha (a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'niryayuḥ'.

कौसल्याम् (kausalyām) - Kausalyā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kausalyā (mother of Rama)

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - as the chief (leader) (at the forefront, in front)

(indeclinable)

pra- (forth) + mukha (face).

Note: Used idiomatically with 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (at the forefront) (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root kṛ (to do, to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

सुमित्राम् (sumitrām) - Sumitrā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sumitrā

sumitrā - Sumitrā (mother of Lakṣmaṇa and Śatrughna)

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā', implicit by parallelism.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Sumitrā' to the action.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they departed, went out

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of niryā

From root yā (to go) with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

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