वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-58, verse-17

अयुक्तं तु विना देवीं दृष्टबद्भिः प्लवंगमाः ।
समीपं गन्तुमस्माभी राघवस्य महात्मनः ॥१७॥

17. ayuktaṃ tu vinā devīṃ dṛṣṭabadbhiḥ plavaṃgamāḥ ,
samīpaṃ gantumasmābhī rāghavasya mahātmanaḥ.

17. ayuktam tu vinā devīm dṛṣṭavadhbhiḥ plavaṃgamāḥ
samīpam gantum asmābhiḥ rāghavasya mahātmanaḥ

17. tu plavaṃgamāḥ asmābhiḥ vinā devīm dṛṣṭavadhbhiḥ
mahātmanaḥ rāghavasya samīpam gantum ayuktam

17. But O monkeys, it is improper for us to approach the great-souled Rāma without having seen the goddess (Sītā).

Words meanings summery:

• अयुक्तम् (ayuktam) - improper (improper, unsuitable, not right)

• तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed)

• विना (vinā) - without (without, except)

• देवीम् (devīm) - the goddess (Sītā) (the goddess, queen)

• दृष्टवध्भिः (dṛṣṭavadhbhiḥ) - by us, having achieved the seeing (of the goddess) (by those who have seen)

• प्लवंगमाः (plavaṁgamāḥ) - O monkeys (vocative address to the monkey army) (O monkeys, monkeys)

• समीपम् (samīpam) - near, to the vicinity of (proximity, near, vicinity)

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to approach (to go, to proceed)

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - for us (by us)

• राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rāma (of Rāma, of the descendant of Raghu)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (Rāma) (of the great-souled one, of the noble one)

Words meanings and morphology

अयुक्तम् (ayuktam) - improper (improper, unsuitable, not right)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ayukta

ayukta - improper, unsuitable, not right, unengaged

Past Passive Participle

From a- (not) + yukta (joined, proper), from root yuj.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+yukta)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• yukta – joined, yoked, engaged, proper, fit
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj (to join, to concentrate)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Acts as a predicate.

तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle

विना (vinā) - without (without, except)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/Adverb. Governs accusative or instrumental.

देवीम् (devīm) - the goddess (Sītā) (the goddess, queen)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady

Feminine of deva (god).

Root: div (class 1)

Note: Governed by 'vinā'.

दृष्टवध्भिः (dṛṣṭavadhbhiḥ) - by us, having achieved the seeing (of the goddess) (by those who have seen)

(Past Active Participle)

Note: The instrumental refers to the agent of 'gantum' (implicitly 'asmābhiḥ').

प्लवंगमाः (plavaṁgamāḥ) - O monkeys (vocative address to the monkey army) (O monkeys, monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavaṃgama

plavaṁgama - monkey, ape, one who goes by leaping

Compound plava (leap) + gama (going)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (plava+gama)

• plava – a leap, jump, swimming, floating
  noun (masculine)
  From root plu (to float, swim, leap)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• gama – going, moving, a goer
  noun (masculine)
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here as a vocative (O monkeys).

समीपम् (samīpam) - near, to the vicinity of (proximity, near, vicinity)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial accusative, or indeclinable.

Note: Functions adverbially modifying 'gantum'.

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to approach (to go, to proceed)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of gam

Infinitive

Infinitive from root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - for us (by us)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Instrumental plural, agent of 'gantum'.

राघवस्य (rāghavasya) - of Rāma (of Rāma, of the descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

Patronymic.

Note: Genitive singular, modifies 'samīpam'.

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (Rāma) (of the great-souled one, of the noble one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound mahā (great) + ātman (soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: at (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'rāghavasya'.

Previous Verse Next Verse