वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-58, verse-13

अश्विपुत्रौ महावेगावेतौ प्लवगसत्तमौ ।
पितामहवरोत्सेकात् परमं दर्पमास्थितौ ॥१३॥

13. aśviputrau mahāvegāvetau plavagasattamau ,
pitāmahavarotsekāt paramaṃ darpamāsthitau.

13. aśviputrau mahāvegau etau plavagasattamau
pitāmaha-varotsekāt paramam darpam āsthitau

13. etau aśviputrau mahāvegau plavagasattamau
pitāmaha-varotsekāt paramam darpam āsthitau

13. These two, the Ashvinikumara sons and best of monkeys, possessing great speed, are filled with supreme arrogance due to the boon granted by Brahmā (pitāmaha).

Words meanings summery:

• अश्विपुत्रौ (aśviputrau) - Mainda and Dvivida (the two sons of the Ashvins)

• महावेगौ (mahāvegau) - of great speed/force

• एतौ (etau) - Mainda and Dvivida (these two)

• प्लवगसत्तमौ (plavagasattamau) - Mainda and Dvivida (the best of monkeys)

• पितामह-वरोत्सेकात् (pitāmaha-varotsekāt) - from the arrogance caused by the boon of Brahmā

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, greatest

• दर्पम् (darpam) - arrogance, pride, haughtiness

• आस्थितौ (āsthitau) - filled with (arrogance) (established in, possessed of, standing on)

Words meanings and morphology

अश्विपुत्रौ (aśviputrau) - Mainda and Dvivida (the two sons of the Ashvins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of aśviputra

aśviputra - son of the Ashvins

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśvin+putra)

• aśvin – belonging to horses, the Ashvins (twin Vedic deities)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  From root pu (to purify), pu-tra (one who cleanses from hell put).
  Root: pu (class 1)

Note: Refers to Mainda and Dvivida.

महावेगौ (mahāvegau) - of great speed/force

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, immense force, very swift

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+vega)

• mahat – great, large, extensive
  adjective
• vega – speed, force, impetus, rush
  noun (masculine)
  From root vij (to tremble, move rapidly)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Adjective for Mainda and Dvivida.

एतौ (etau) - Mainda and Dvivida (these two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etas

etas - this, these

प्लवगसत्तमौ (plavagasattamau) - Mainda and Dvivida (the best of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of plavagasattama

plavagasattama - best among monkeys, foremost monkey

Compound type : tatpurusha (plavaga+sattama)

• plavaga – monkey, one who leaps, one who swims
  noun (masculine)
  From plu (to leap, swim) + ga (going).
  Root: plu (class 1)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective
  superlative suffix tama
  From sat (being, good) + tama (superlative).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to Mainda and Dvivida.

पितामह-वरोत्सेकात् (pitāmaha-varotsekāt) - from the arrogance caused by the boon of Brahmā

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha-varotseka

pitāmaha-varotseka - arrogance arising from the boon of Brahmā

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitāmaha+vara+utseka)

• pitāmaha – paternal grandfather, Brahmā (pitāmaha)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vara – boon, blessing, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)
  From root vṛ (to choose, ask).
  Root: vṛ (class 1)
• utseka – swelling, increase, arrogance, pride, excess
  noun (masculine)
  From ut-sic (to pour out, overflow).
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sic (class 6)

Note: Sandhi between vara and utseka is a + u = o.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, greatest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent

superlative

From para (other, beyond) + ma (superlative suffix).

Note: Agrees with darpam.

दर्पम् (darpam) - arrogance, pride, haughtiness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of darpa

darpa - arrogance, pride, haughtiness, conceit

From root dṛp (to be proud, arrogant).

Root: dṛp (class 4)

Note: Object of āsthitau.

आस्थितौ (āsthitau) - filled with (arrogance) (established in, possessed of, standing on)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āsthita

āsthita - standing upon, situated in, possessed of, resorted to

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: It functions as an adjective here for the two monkey heroes.

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