वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-7, verse-23

महानुभावस्य वचो निशम्य हरिर्नराणामृषभस्य तस्य ।
कृतं स मेने हरिवीर मुख्यस्तदा स्वकार्यं हृदयेन विद्वान् ॥२३॥

23. mahānubhāvasya vaco niśamya harirnarāṇāmṛṣabhasya tasya ,
kṛtaṃ sa mene harivīra mukhyastadā svakāryaṃ hṛdayena vidvān.

23. mahānubhāvasya vacaḥ niśamya hariḥ narāṇām ṛṣabhasya tasya
kṛtam sa mene harivīramukhyaḥ tadā svakāryam hṛdayena vidvān

23. tadā mahānubhāvasya narāṇām ṛṣabhasya tasya vacaḥ niśamya saḥ
harivīramukhyaḥ hariḥ vidvān hṛdayena svakāryam kṛtam mene

23. Then, having heard the words of that highly esteemed best of men, the chief of monkey heroes, Sugriva, inwardly understanding, considered his own objective achieved.

Words meanings summery:

• महानुभावस्य (mahānubhāvasya) - Of the magnanimous Rama. (of the highly esteemed one, of the great-souled one)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

• हरिः (hariḥ) - Sugriva, the monkey king. (monkey, ape)

• नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men

• ऋषभस्य (ṛṣabhasya) - Of Rama, the best among men. (of the chief, of the best (lit. bull))

• तस्य (tasya) - Of Rama. (of him, his)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, accomplished

• स (sa) - He (Sugriva). (he)

• मेने (mene) - he thought, he considered

• हरिवीरमुख्यः (harivīramukhyaḥ) - Sugriva, the principal monkey warrior. (the chief of monkey heroes)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• स्वकार्यम् (svakāryam) - his own work, his own objective

• हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - by heart, with heart, inwardly

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - knowing, wise, learned

Words meanings and morphology

महानुभावस्य (mahānubhāvasya) - Of the magnanimous Rama. (of the highly esteemed one, of the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahānubhāva

mahānubhāva - great-souled, noble, highly esteemed, magnanimous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+anubhāva)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• anubhāva – power, dignity, majesty, innate disposition
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: anu

Note: Qualifies 'tasya' and 'ṛṣabhasya'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Note: Object of 'niśamya'.

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From prefix 'ni' + root 'śam' (to perceive, to hear) + 'lyaP' suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

हरिः (hariḥ) - Sugriva, the monkey king. (monkey, ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hari

hari - monkey, ape; lion; Vishnu; sun

Note: Subject of 'mene'.

नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being

Note: Part of the compound-like expression 'narāṇām ṛṣabhasya' (best among men).

ऋषभस्य (ṛṣabhasya) - Of Rama, the best among men. (of the chief, of the best (lit. bull))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull; chief, best, excellent among

Note: Qualifies 'tasya'.

तस्य (tasya) - Of Rama. (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Possessive, referring to Rama.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, accomplished

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) + kta suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'mene'.

स (sa) - He (Sugriva). (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sugriva, subject of 'mene'.

मेने (mene) - he thought, he considered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of man

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, middle voice, perfect tense.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

हरिवीरमुख्यः (harivīramukhyaḥ) - Sugriva, the principal monkey warrior. (the chief of monkey heroes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harivīramukhya

harivīramukhya - chief among monkey heroes, principal monkey warrior

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+vīra+mukhya)

• hari – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• vīra – hero, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Sugriva, subject of 'mene'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

स्वकार्यम् (svakāryam) - his own work, his own objective

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svakārya

svakārya - one's own work, one's own business/purpose/objective

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+kārya)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (neuter)
• kārya – to be done, duty, work, purpose, objective
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root kṛ (to do) + ṇyat/ya suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'mene'.

हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - by heart, with heart, inwardly

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul

Note: Indicates the manner of understanding or considering.

विद्वान् (vidvān) - knowing, wise, learned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - knowing, learned, wise; a wise person

Present Active Participle

From root 'vid' (to know) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Sugriva.

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