वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-58, verse-29

तदलं कालसंगेन क्रियतां बुद्धिनिश्चयः ।
न हि कर्मसु सज्जन्ते बुद्धिमन्तो भवद्विधाः ॥२९॥

29. tadalaṃ kālasaṃgena kriyatāṃ buddhiniścayaḥ ,
na hi karmasu sajjante buddhimanto bhavadvidhāḥ.

29. tat alam kālasaṅgena kriyatām buddhiniścayaḥ na
hi karmasu sajjante buddhimantaḥ bhavadvidhāḥ

29. tat kālasaṅgena alam (astu) buddhiniścayaḥ kriyatām
hi bhavadvidhāḥ buddhimantaḥ karmasu na sajjante

29. Therefore, stop wasting time! Let a firm decision be made. Indeed, intelligent ones like you do not delay in their actions.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore (connecting to previous statements) (therefore, that)

• अलम् (alam) - stop (procrastinating) (enough, stop, sufficient)

• कालसङ्गेन (kālasaṅgena) - by delaying actions, by wasting time (by delay, by wasting time)

• क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, let one do

• बुद्धिनिश्चयः (buddhiniścayaḥ) - a firm decision regarding the task at hand (firm decision, determination of the mind)

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - for (providing a reason) (indeed, for, because)

• कर्मसु (karmasu) - in performing actions or duties (in actions, in deeds, in duties)

• सज्जन्ते (sajjante) - they procrastinate, they become attached and thus delay (they cling, they adhere, they delay, they hesitate)

• बुद्धिमन्तः (buddhimantaḥ) - intelligent ones, wise people

• भवद्विधाः (bhavadvidhāḥ) - those like you, your kind

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore (connecting to previous statements) (therefore, that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

अलम् (alam) - stop (procrastinating) (enough, stop, sufficient)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs 'kālasaṅgena'.

कालसङ्गेन (kālasaṅgena) - by delaying actions, by wasting time (by delay, by wasting time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kālasaṅga

kālasaṅga - attachment to time, delay, procrastination

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+saṅga)

• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
• saṅga – attachment, clinging, delay, impediment
  noun (masculine)
  From root sañj (to cling, adhere).
  Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Used with 'alam' (enough of).

क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, let one do

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of kṛ

imperative

3rd person singular imperative, passive voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The agent of the action is implied (by you all).

बुद्धिनिश्चयः (buddhiniścayaḥ) - a firm decision regarding the task at hand (firm decision, determination of the mind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of buddhiniścaya

buddhiniścaya - firm decision, determination, mental resolution

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (buddhi+niścaya)

• buddhi – intellect, understanding, decision, mind
  noun (feminine)
  From root budh (to know).
  Root: budh (class 1)
• niścaya – decision, certainty, determination, resolution
  noun (masculine)
  From root ci (to gather) with prefix niś-.
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'kriyatām'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'sajjante'.

हि (hi) - for (providing a reason) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Explanatory particle.

कर्मसु (karmasu) - in performing actions or duties (in actions, in deeds, in duties)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, duty, fate

From root kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the sphere of action.

सज्जन्ते (sajjante) - they procrastinate, they become attached and thus delay (they cling, they adhere, they delay, they hesitate)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of sañj

present

3rd person plural present, middle voice. Root sajj/sañj (to cling).

Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Implies hesitation or procrastination due to attachment or overthinking.

बुद्धिमन्तः (buddhimantaḥ) - intelligent ones, wise people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise, sagacious

Possessive suffix -mat from buddhi (intellect).

Note: Subject of 'sajjante'.

भवद्विधाः (bhavadvidhāḥ) - those like you, your kind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavadvidha

bhavadvidha - like you, of your kind

From bhavat (you) + vidha (kind, sort).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhavat+vidha)

• bhavat – you (respectful)
  pronoun (masculine)
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'buddhimantaḥ'.

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