वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-58, verse-10

स कदा चित् क्षुधार्तस्य मम चाहारकाङ्क्षिणः ।
गतसूर्यो ऽहनि प्राप्तो मम पुत्रो ह्यनामिषः ॥१०॥

10. sa kadā cit kṣudhārtasya mama cāhārakāṅkṣiṇaḥ ,
gatasūryo'hani prāpto mama putro hyanāmiṣaḥ.

10. sa kadā cit kṣudhārtasya mama ca āhārakaṅkṣiṇaḥ
gatasūryaḥ ahani prāptaḥ mama putraḥ hi anāmiṣaḥ

10. kadācit kṣudhārtasya āhārakaṅkṣiṇaḥ ca mama sa
putraḥ gatasūryaḥ ahani anāmiṣaḥ hi prāptaḥ

10. One day, while I was tormented by hunger and longing for food, my son arrived at sunset, but indeed without any prey.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - one day, at some time, once

• क्षुधार्तस्य (kṣudhārtasya) - of one afflicted by hunger, of one tormented by hunger

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• च (ca) - and

• आहारकङ्क्षिणः (āhārakaṅkṣiṇaḥ) - of one desiring food, of one longing for food

• गतसूर्यः (gatasūryaḥ) - at sunset (when the sun had set, whose sun has set)

• अहनि (ahani) - during the day (when the sun set) (in the day, at the time of day)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived, obtained, reached

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• अनामिषः (anāmiṣaḥ) - without any prey (for his father) (without meat, without prey)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

कदाचित् (kadācit) - one day, at some time, once

(indeclinable)

क्षुधार्तस्य (kṣudhārtasya) - of one afflicted by hunger, of one tormented by hunger

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣudhārta

kṣudhārta - afflicted by hunger, hungry

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣudh+ārta)

• kṣudh – hunger, appetite
  noun (feminine)
• ārta – afflicted, pained, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √ṛ (to go, to move), meaning 'to be distressed' in this context.
  Root: ṛ

Note: Modifies 'mama'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आहारकङ्क्षिणः (āhārakaṅkṣiṇaḥ) - of one desiring food, of one longing for food

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āhārakaṅkṣin

āhārakaṅkṣin - desiring food

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āhāra+kaṅkṣin)

• āhāra – food, nourishment, sustenance
  noun (masculine)
• kaṅkṣin – desiring, longing for, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun from Root
  Formed from √kaṅkṣ (to desire) + -in suffix.
  Root: kaṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mama'.

गतसूर्यः (gatasūryaḥ) - at sunset (when the sun had set, whose sun has set)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatasūrya

gatasūrya - sun having set

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+sūrya)

• gata – gone, departed, set (of sun)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)

Note: Acts as an epithet for the time or subject.

अहनि (ahani) - during the day (when the sun set) (in the day, at the time of day)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived, obtained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - arrived, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√āp (to reach, obtain)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

अनामिषः (anāmiṣaḥ) - without any prey (for his father) (without meat, without prey)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anāmiṣa

anāmiṣa - without flesh/prey, vegetarian

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āmiṣa)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
• āmiṣa – meat, prey, flesh
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

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