वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-53, verse-9

नित्यमस्थिरचित्ता हि कपयो हरिपुंगव ।
नाज्ञाप्यं विषहिष्यन्ति पुत्रदारान् विना त्वया ॥९॥

9. nityamasthiracittā hi kapayo haripuṃgava ,
nājñāpyaṃ viṣahiṣyanti putradārān vinā tvayā.

9. nityam asthiracittāḥ hi kapayaḥ haripuṅgava na
ājñāpyam viṣahiṣyanti putra dārān vinā tvayā

9. haripuṅgava! kapayaḥ hi nityam asthiracittāḥ.
(te) tvayā putra dārān vinā ājñāpyaṃ na viṣahiṣyanti

9. Indeed, monkeys are always fickle-minded, O chief of monkeys. They will not tolerate being commanded without you (being present to ensure their well-being) or without their own sons and wives (being safe).

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• अस्थिरचित्ताः (asthiracittāḥ) - fickle-minded, unsteady of mind

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• कपयः (kapayaḥ) - monkeys

• हरिपुङ्गव (haripuṅgava) - O Angada, best among monkeys (O chief of monkeys, O best among monkeys)

• न (na) - not

• आज्ञाप्यम् (ājñāpyam) - command, order (that which is to be commanded, a command)

• विषहिष्यन्ति (viṣahiṣyanti) - they will endure, they will tolerate

• पुत्र दारान् (putra dārān) - sons and wives

• विना (vinā) - without

• त्वया (tvayā) - without you (Angada) (by you, without you)

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

अस्थिरचित्ताः (asthiracittāḥ) - fickle-minded, unsteady of mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asthiracitta

asthiracitta - fickle-minded, unsteady of mind

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+sthira+citta)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• citta – mind, thought, intelligence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kapayaḥ'

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or causal particle

कपयः (kapayaḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: Subject of the sentence

हरिपुङ्गव (haripuṅgava) - O Angada, best among monkeys (O chief of monkeys, O best among monkeys)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of haripuṅgava

haripuṅgava - chief of monkeys, best among monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+puṅgava)

• hari – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Angada

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb

आज्ञाप्यम् (ājñāpyam) - command, order (that which is to be commanded, a command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ājñāpya

ājñāpya - to be commanded, command, order

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Derived from verb ā-jñā (to command, to order), suffix ṇya (Pāṇini 3.1.124)

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Direct object of 'viṣahiṣyanti'

विषहिष्यन्ति (viṣahiṣyanti) - they will endure, they will tolerate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of viṣah

Future

Derived from verb vi-sah

Prefix: vi

Root: sah (class 1)

पुत्र दारान् (putra dārān) - sons and wives

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putradāra

putradāra - sons and wives

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dāra)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• dāra – wife (usually plural)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Governed by 'vinā'

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition

त्वया (tvayā) - without you (Angada) (by you, without you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Governed by 'vinā'

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